공간 지각법칙을 통한 도시 가로의 3차원 보이드 분석 방법에 관한 연구 -서울특별시 상업 가로 중심으로-

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) The endless succession of streets is like a film in a movie, and every moment, humans in space look at and perceive the space. This study systematically identifies the spatial analysis from the form of the architecture based on the perceptual characteristics of the pedestrian in designing a street pedestrian environment and explains how the pedestrian's visibility appears according to the street architecture, which is a component of the street landscape. The purpose is to provide three-dimensional information by developing an analysis method for urban streets that contributes to increasing the vitality of life. (Method) First, the theoretical preliminary research on how voids and solids appear in the laws of spatial perception is conducted to study the perspective of pedestrians looking across and the resulting landscape. Second, the components of urban streets are derived and building forms to create a basis for analyzing street views are drawn out. Third, the landscape of selected sites is visually analyzed using 3D Isovist to determine the void rate, and then the influencing factors are extracted. Fourth, based on the spatial syntax theory, the significance and space of voids in urban streets are analyzed to derive the importance of various voids in urban streets and the possibility of three-dimensional analysis. (Results) The analysis model is a three-dimensional visual analysis that shows the pedestrian's point of view in objective figures along with the ratio of voids. It can be seen that the difference in the separation of the road and the sidewalk affects the pedestrian's viewing angle and perception point. It can also be seen that the commercial street interferes with the perception point of the pedestrian, and the continuous butt-wall architecture gives a certain figure visibility, but the diversity of the void is lost due to the disappearance of another adjacent street, which is closely related to the open space of the architecture to create a large three-dimensional void. Through this process, the rationality and objectivity of the process can be improved when planning the image and sense of place for the streetscape. (Conclusions) This also means that the perception of the landscape scene will vary from pedestrian to pedestrian. At points where there is a sharp drop, special attention is needed to form architectural forms and voids that are suitable for spatial psychology. If the interrelatedness of spatial perception laws and urban street environments is studied through various research methods to complement the in-depth analysis, it is expected that urban streets can become streets with a stronger public character by connecting rich visual perception forms that provide psychological satisfaction to many people.