바이오필릭 디자인이 치유공간 만족도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 -심리적 안정감의 매개 효과를 중심으로-
A study on the Effect of Biophilic Design on Satisfaction with Healing Space - Focus on the Mediating Effect of Psychological Stability -
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(연구배경 및 목적) 현대인들은 후기산업사회로 진입하면서 빠른 사회구조의 변화로 야기되는 새로운 일상으로 정신적, 육체적 스트레스를 받고 있다. 삶의 질의 문제이기도 한 치유공간에 관한 관심과 필요성은 당연한 현상이 되었다. 왜냐하면 치유공간은 심리적 안정을 통해서 치유가 이루어지기 때문이다, 그러므로 본 연구는 바이오필릭 디자인 요소가 심리적 안정을 통해서 치유에 이르는 과정에서 바이오필릭 디자인 요소 중 어떠한 요소를 통해서 심리적 안정감을 느끼는지, 그리고 그 효과로 인해서 만족에 이르는지에 대한 연구를 하는 것이 목적이다. (연구방법) 본 연구는 첫째, 바이오필릭 디자인의 개념과 디자인 요소를 이론적 고찰을 통해 정의한다. 둘째, 일반인을 대상으로 평가 항목에 따라 심리적 안정감과 만족을 중심으로 설문 조사를 실시한다. 이를 통해 연구가설 및 연구모형을 세운다. 셋째, 설문 후 디자인 요소로써 심리적 안정감에 미치는 영향의 분석을 위해 SPSS 26.0의 process macro를 활용하여 요인 분석 및 통계분석을 통해 실증분석을 진행한다. 마지막으로 바이오필릭 디자인 요소들의 심리적 안정감에 의한 효과 및 만족에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. (결과) 본 연구에서는 바이오필릭 디자인의 요소를 자연의 직접적인 체험, 자연의 간접적인 체험, 공간과 장소의 체험요소로 분류하였고 심리적 안정감과의 관계에서 다중회귀 분석 기법을 활용하여 매개분석한 결과 심리적 안정감은 직접적인 체험과 만족 간 관계를 부분 매개하고, 공간과 장소의 체험과 만족 간 관계는 완전 매개하는 관계이다. 따라서, 심리적 안정감은 바이오필릭 디자인 요소들과 만족 간 관계에서 중요한 매개 변인이라 할 수 있다. 심리적 안정감은 정신적 치유로서 바이오필릭 디자인과 치유와의 관계가 서로 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있다.(결론) 본 연구는 바이오필릭 디자인을 공간에 적용함에 있어서 심리적 안정감이 어떤 역할을 하며 만족에 이르기 위해 우리가 바이오필릭 디자인 요소별로 어떤 점에 중점을 둬야 하는지 설문을 통해 분석해 보았다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 특히, 최근 급변하는 환경 속에서 치유공간을 위한 바이오필릭 디자인은 인간의 삶의 질에 관한 문제이기도 하며, 사회 전반으로의 확대는 불가피하다는 것을 의미한다. 그러므로 바이오필릭 디자인에 관한 연구는 스트레스가 많은 현대인을 위해 매우 중요한 영역이며, 공간에 적용을 위한 명확한 계획과 프로그램이 요구된다는 것을 확인하였다. 추후에 바이오필릭 디자인 요소별로 심리적 치유에 미치는 영향을 심도 있게 연구하고자 한다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) Our contemporaries are under mental and physical stress from the new daily life caused by rapid social structural changes as they enter post-industrial society. Because healing in a healing space is achieved through psychological stability, interest in and necessity of the healing space, which are also issues of quality of life, have become natural phenomena. This study aimed to determine which biophilic design elements lead to psychological stability in the process of achieving healing and whether the effect leads to satisfaction. (Methods) This study was conducted as follows: First, the concepts of biophilic design and design elements were defined through a theoretical review. Second, a survey was conducted with the general public, focusing on psychological stability and satisfaction according to the evaluation items, through which a research hypothesis and research model were established. Third, after the survey, an empirical analysis was conducted through factor and statistical analyses using the process macro in SPSS 26.0, to analyze the effect of design elements on psychological stability. Finally, the effects of biophilic design elements on psychological stability and satisfaction were analyzed. (Results) Biophilic design elements were classified into direct and indirect experiences of nature, and experiences of space and place. Mediation analysis using multiple regression analysis techniques on the relationship with psychological stability showed that psychological stability partially mediated satisfaction with direct experiences, and completely mediated satisfaction with experiences of space and place. Therefore, psychological stability can be said to be an important mediating variable in the relationship between biophilic design elements and satisfaction. Psychological stability refers to mental healing; biophilic design and healing have a mutually influential relationship. (Conclusions) This study is meaningful in that it analyzed the role of psychological stability in applying biophilic design to a healing space and the points that should be focused on for each biophilic design element to achieve satisfaction through the survey. In particular, biophilic design for healing spaces is also a matter of the quality of human life, and its expansion into society is inevitable in the rapidly changing environment. Therefore, it was confirmed that research on biophilic design is a very important area for our contemporaries, who are under a lot of stress, and a clear plan and program for application to space is required. In the future, we plan to study the effects of biophilic design elements on psychological healing.
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