汉语新兴语用标记语“什么情况”
The Emerging Pragmatic Markers in Chinese “Shenmeqingkuang”
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초록
本文结合真实口语语料，对汉语新兴语用标记语“什么情况”的具体表现形式和话语功能进行详细描述。“什么情况”主要表达说话者对超出预期和常规的某一事物或事件的消极态度和情感，具有较强的主观性，体现了一定的人际功能。从适用对象来看，“什么情况”的使用主体倾向于年轻人，使用语域主要在日常交际会话、微博等网络个人社交平台上。这也导致此类语用标记语在实际语用中较为灵活和随意。最后，本文从语法化、语义相关性、语言共性三个方面对“什么情况“从疑问句的宾语发展为语用标记语的动因进行分析，也验证了疑问代词转换为语用标记具有跨语言普遍性。
Abstract
This study provides a detailed description of the specific manifestations and discourse functions of the emerging Chinese pragmatic markers 'shenmeqingkuang' based on real spoken language corpus. 'shenmeqingkuang', mainly expresses the speaker's negative attitude towards something or event that exceeds expectations and conventions, and has strong subjectivity, reflecting a certain degree of interpersonal function. From the perspective of the applicable audience, the user of 'shenmeqingkuang' tends to be young people, and the register is mainly used on personal social platforms such as daily communication conversations and Weibo. This also leads to the flexibility and arbitrariness of such pragmatic markers in practical pragmatics, with many variations. Finally, this article analyzes the formation motivation of 'shenmeqingkuang' from the object of interrogative sentences to pragmatic markers from three aspects: grammaticalization, cognitive motivation, and language commonalities, and also verifies the cross linguistic universality of the conversion of interrogative words to pragmatic markers.
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