“说什么”的话语功能探究
A Study on the Discourse Function of "Shuoshenme"
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초록
现代汉语中，“说什么”后接引语组成“说什么X”格式，在引述的同时表达言者对所述信息的主观态度。本文讨论了引述否定用法“说什么”内部的异质性，将其进一步划分为否定性回应标记“说什么1”和负面评价传信标记“说什么2”。考察结果表明，二者在句法环境、表义条件、话语功能和负面立场表达规约化程度等方面均呈现出明显的差异。“说什么1”适用于交互性强的互动语篇，主要用于回应和否定，表达言者的负面事理立场；“说什么2”一般出现在叙事语篇，主要用于传信和评价，表达言者的认识立场和负面评价立场。
Abstract
In Modern Chinese, the structure “Shuoshenme X” conveys both the quoted information and the speaker's subjective attitude toward it. This paper discusses the heterogeneity within the negative quoting usage of "Shuoshenme" and further categorizes it into two markers:"Shuoshenme1" a negative response marker, and "Shuoshenme2," a negative evaluative reporting marker. The study reveals significant differences between the two in terms of syntactic environment, semantic conditions, discourse functions, and the degree of conventionalization in expressing negative stances. "Shuoshenme1" is used in highly interactive discourse, primarily for responding and negating, and expresses the speaker's negative stance on a particular situation. In contrast, "Shuoshenme2" is typically found in narrative discourse, used for quoting and evaluation, conveying the speaker's cognitive stance and negative evaluative stance.
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