공공디자인에서 택티컬 어버니즘 활용과 한계에 관한 고찰

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Tactical urbanism is gaining attention as a way to complement the limitations of existing high-cost, large-scale urban planning. It is a way to temporarily and temporarily utilize some areas of the city with relatively little capital to ultimately achieve sustainable urban change, and it is possible to verify its effectiveness in advance before establishing long-term policies. In particular, discussions on its potential have begun recently in conjunction with the paradigm shift of urban regeneration. This study investigates the applicability of tactical urbanism within public design and explores strategies to address its inherent limitations. (Method) First, a theoretical review was conducted on the concept of tactical urbanism, its emergence within urban planning discourse, and current trends in related research and practice. Subsequently, actual implementation types and usage conditions were analyzed to derive implications regarding its characteristics and constraints. Improvement directions within the public design domain were then proposed to support the implementation of tactical urbanism. (Results) Currently, the limitations hindering the effectiveness of tactical urbanism can be broadly categorized into three aspects. First is the lack of understanding and awareness; without a clear distinction from local festivals or pop-up events, the fundamental purpose of the initiative becomes difficult to achieve. Second is the limited momentum of activities, which challenges the sustainability of voluntary citizen participation. If responsibilities are delegated solely to private actors, achieving a desirable feedback loop becomes difficult. Third is the issue of administrative support. In the absence of a public control tower, tactical urbanism activities risk being perceived as unauthorized or unlawful. Although tactical urbanism has the potential to inform urban master plans, its practical utility remains constrained by these limitations. (Conclusions) Tactical urbanism, which inherently relies on civic participation, aligns structurally with the participatory aims of the public design field. Nevertheless, to address the present limitations, efforts are required to clarify the concept, improve public awareness, establish institutional cooperation systems, and develop a sustainable foundation for ongoing practice. In particular, revising public design laws and ordinances can serve as a foundational mechanism to institutionalize tactical urbanism and foster interdepartmental collaboration. As a process of trial and error aimed at promoting mid- to long-term spatial transformation, tactical urbanism calls for continued civic engagement and iterative practice to achieve meaningful and positive outcomes.