택티컬 어바니즘 활용을 통한 가로공간 개선방안 연구 - 소제동 비타민파크 프로젝트를 중심으로 -

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Through the aftermath of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a growing demand for the utilization of open spaces and pedestrian areas due to the restrictions imposed by self-isolation, acting in opposition to the constraints on residents' activities. Policies implemented by organizations such as the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and the Seoul Metropolitan Government are transitioning car-centric road spaces into pedestrian-centric urban spaces. This indicates the need for research on improving pedestrian environments and urban spaces to meet the demands of city residents and societal changes. Therefore, this study aims to derive insights into the utilization and application of tactical urbanism to enhance pedestrian environments and activate the use of urban spaces, based on previous research and case studies. (Method) Through a review of theoretical frameworks and previous studies related to tactical urbanism, this research examines concepts such as tactical urbanism, living labs, and placemaking. By scrutinizing relevant previous studies conducted domestically, the research aims to identify its distinctiveness. Furthermore, by investigating international cases applying tactical urbanism, the study derives key elements and implications of tactical urbanism. Building upon this, the research analyzes the process and key components of the "Soje-dong Vitamin Park" project, a temporary street park created through tactical urbanism in 2022. Additionally, it validates the project through surveys conducted with local residents and participants. (Results) The Soje-dong Vitamin Park project is a case of executing tactical urbanism using placemaking, involving broad participation from local residents, the public, experts, and the local community in a living lab format. It transformed car-centric road spaces into temporary street parks for citizens. Particularly noteworthy is the involvement of a local university in overseeing the planning, preparation, and operation of the event, along with validating its effectiveness through surveys. However, the project's limitations include the limited active participation of local residents throughout the entire process due to the short duration of the project and deficiencies in follow-up projects, leading to the reversion of the road space after the project's completion. (Conclusion) Utilizing tactical urbanism for temporary projects can help reduce the social cost burden, such as budget losses and risk exposure, typically associated with large-scale urban improvement projects. To create high-quality urban spaces, it is essential to increase the participation of residents who actually use those spaces. Various approaches, including resident participation-oriented planning processes such as living labs, need to be explored. Furthermore, when implementing urban improvement projects, utilizing tactical urbanism through small-scale, ongoing experiments can help garner public support and create pedestrian-friendly urban spaces in the long term, rather than just temporary events.