아우구스투스와 기사신분 -기능과 역할에 대하여-
Augustus and Equester Ordo-its Identity and Role in the Augustan Principate
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Under Augustan Principate, the equestrian order (equites Romani) was divided in two group. One group of a much smaller numbers, was equites equo publico, and the other with a large number who were mostly rich Italians and provincials, did not have equus publicus, but enjoyed the equestrian status. Only the former could become officials in Rome or the provinces after the completion of military service. Some of them became procuratores in the provinces and of those only a few could get the senior posts of praefectus or praefectus praeterio. How was the relationship between Augustus and the equites? P. A. Brunt asserted that the thesis that the emperor preferred Equites to senators because of the latter’s distrust and lack of professionalism was groundless. In rank, wealth and power, equites were second to senators. Gaius Cornelius Gallus, the first equestrian governor of Egypt, was considered disloyal to Augustus, and so lost his favor and killed himself. Augustus allowed freedom of press in Rome, and writers could publish their works freely. So when Horatius as an eques rejected his proposal to become Augustus' secretary, he respected Horatius’ opinion and he remained a writer. When Ovidius, as an eques, was against his ideology, Augustus did not forgive him and expelled him to Tomis on the Black Sea, in AD 8. In summary Augustus wanted the balance of power and the peace of the orders. So he appointed some equites to important posts in Rome or provinces, but he allowed more higher magistracy and major governorship to senators. It was the Res Publica Restituta under the first princeps that Augustus wanted.
Abstract
Under Augustan Principate, the equestrian order (equites Romani) was divided in two group. One group of a much smaller numbers, was equites equo publico, and the other with a large number who were mostly rich Italians and provincials, did not have equus publicus, but enjoyed the equestrian status. Only the former could become officials in Rome or the provinces after the completion of military service. Some of them became procuratores in the provinces and of those only a few could get the senior posts of praefectus or praefectus praeterio. How was the relationship between Augustus and the equites? P. A. Brunt asserted that the thesis that the emperor preferred Equites to senators because of the latter’s distrust and lack of professionalism was groundless. In rank, wealth and power, equites were second to senators. Gaius Cornelius Gallus, the first equestrian governor of Egypt, was considered disloyal to Augustus, and so lost his favor and killed himself. Augustus allowed freedom of press in Rome, and writers could publish their works freely. So when Horatius as an eques rejected his proposal to become Augustus' secretary, he respected Horatius’ opinion and he remained a writer. When Ovidius, as an eques, was against his ideology, Augustus did not forgive him and expelled him to Tomis on the Black Sea, in AD 8. In summary Augustus wanted the balance of power and the peace of the orders. So he appointed some equites to important posts in Rome or provinces, but he allowed more higher magistracy and major governorship to senators. It was the Res Publica Restituta under the first princeps that Augustus wanted.
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