주의력결핍/과잉운동 장애(ADHD) 남자 아동들에서 Methlphenidate 치료 전후에 Tc-99m ECD SPECT로 측정된 국소 뇌혈류 이상과 인지적 특성변화와의 연관관계
Associations between Cerebral Blood-Flow Measured by Brain Tc-99m ECD SPECT and Cognitive Characteristics in Boys with ADHD before and after Methylphenidate Treatment
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Objective ：The purpose of this study was to examine the regional cerebral blood-flow(rCBF) difference between boys with pure ADHD and normal controls before and after methylphenidate treatment, and also we examined the association between rCBF changes and cognitive characteristics of boys with pure ADHD before and after methylphenidate treatment. Methods ：The rCBF of 5 boys with pure ADHD and 5 control boys were examined by Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT and cognitive characteristics by ADS and every 5 ADHD boys took MPH for 12 to 16 weeks. After that all ADHD boys took Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT and checked ADS again. rCBF difference and changes before and after MPH treatment were quantified and analyzed by using SPM. And, associations between types of cognitive changes measured by ADS and rCBF changes were examined, and quantitative associations between them were also analyzed by using Pearson’s coefficient correlation. Results ：1) Before MPH treatment, rCBF of ADHD boys were significantly decreased in left orbitofrontal area and left caudate nucleus compared to normal controls. 2) After MPH treatment, rCBF of the same regions were significantly increased. 3) There was positive correlation between the degree of commission error(impulsivity, disinhibition) among the ADS variables and the degree of blood-flow decrease in above two areas before MPH treatment but after MPH treatment, only with the degree of rCBF increase in Lt orbitofrontal area. Conclusion ：These results suggest that the pathophysiology of impulsivity or disinhibition of the characteristic symptoms of ADHD boys is associated with hypoactivities of left orbitofrontal area and left caudate nucleus, and MPH pharmacodynamics in ADHD boys is associated to their actions on these two areas.
Abstract
Objective ：The purpose of this study was to examine the regional cerebral blood-flow(rCBF) difference between boys with pure ADHD and normal controls before and after methylphenidate treatment, and also we examined the association between rCBF changes and cognitive characteristics of boys with pure ADHD before and after methylphenidate treatment. Methods ：The rCBF of 5 boys with pure ADHD and 5 control boys were examined by Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT and cognitive characteristics by ADS and every 5 ADHD boys took MPH for 12 to 16 weeks. After that all ADHD boys took Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT and checked ADS again. rCBF difference and changes before and after MPH treatment were quantified and analyzed by using SPM. And, associations between types of cognitive changes measured by ADS and rCBF changes were examined, and quantitative associations between them were also analyzed by using Pearson’s coefficient correlation. Results ：1) Before MPH treatment, rCBF of ADHD boys were significantly decreased in left orbitofrontal area and left caudate nucleus compared to normal controls. 2) After MPH treatment, rCBF of the same regions were significantly increased. 3) There was positive correlation between the degree of commission error(impulsivity, disinhibition) among the ADS variables and the degree of blood-flow decrease in above two areas before MPH treatment but after MPH treatment, only with the degree of rCBF increase in Lt orbitofrontal area. Conclusion ：These results suggest that the pathophysiology of impulsivity or disinhibition of the characteristic symptoms of ADHD boys is associated with hypoactivities of left orbitofrontal area and left caudate nucleus, and MPH pharmacodynamics in ADHD boys is associated to their actions on these two areas.