정치적 기술의 상향 영향력에 대한 설명력 검증 및 가치일치의 매개효과
The Effects of Political Skills to Upward Influence: the Role of Value Congruence as a Mediator
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초록
본 연구는 부서원이 지각하는 부서장의 정치적 기술과 상향 영향력 간 관계에서 부서원이 지각하는 부서장과 부서장의 상사 간 가치일치의 매개효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 또한, 가치일치와 상향영향력에 대해 정치적 기술의 4가지 하위차원간 상대적 설명력을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 공무원과 기업 275개 부서에서 각 부서별로 2명의 부서원을 쌍으로 하여 550명의 부서원의 설문을 분석에 이용하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 부서원이 지각하는 부서장의 정치적 기술의 4가지 하위차원과 상향 영향력 간에는 부서장과 부서장의 상사 간 가치일치가 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 가치일치는 네트워킹 능력과 상향 영향력간 관계를 완전매개 하였으며, 외형적 진실성, 사회적 통찰력, 대인관계 영향력과 상향 영향력 간에는 각각 부분매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부서장과 부서장의 상사 간 가치일치에 대한 부서장의 외형적 진실성의 설명력은 네트워킹 능력, 사회적 통찰력, 대인관계 영향력의 설명력을 각각 증가시켰으나, 외형적 진실성의 설명력은 다른 정치적 기술의 3가지 차원에 의해 증가되지 않았다. 따라서, 정치적 기술의 4가지 하위차원 중에서 외형적 진실성이 가치일치를 가장 잘 예측할 수 있는 인자임을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 부서장의 상향 영향력에 대한 부서장의 외형적 진실성의 설명력은 네트워킹 능력, 사회적 통찰력, 및 대인관계 영향력의 설명력을 각각 증가시켰다. 한편, 상향 영향력에 대한 네트워킹 능력 및 대인관계 영향력의 설명력은 외형적 진실성의 설명력을 모두 증분시키지 못하였으나, 사회적 통찰력의 설명력은 외형적 진실성의 설명력을 증분시켰다. 따라서, 정치적 기술의 4가지 하위차원 중에서 외형적 진실성과 사회적 통찰력은 네트워킹 능력과 대인관계 영향력에 비해 부서장의 상향영향력을 상대적으로 보다 잘 예측될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 연구결과를 통하여 본 연구의 시사점, 한계 및 향후과제를 제시하였다.
Abstract
A considerable number of scholars and business persons have been constantly interested in upward influence such as organizational change and organizational innovation over a long period of time. Most of them expecially highlight the role of CEOs in the performance of organization. However, the truth is that the roles of middle managers should be highly regarded in the process of organizational performance since they take up even more information on matters in the field of business. Middle manager constantly make every effort to create issue and influence on his/her boss in the field of business. The upward influence is based on informal power. It is often considered as the political behavior with negative side emphasized. However, as the upward influence naturally exists in organizations, a member’s ability of an organization to perform the upward influence is regarded as the critical factor determining the organization and effectiveness of a leader. Based on the theory review, we proposed the relationship between political skills and upward influence. This study examines the mediating effect of value congruence between political skills and upward influence and the comparative explanatory power among 4 factors of political skills such as networking ability, social astuteness, interpersonal influence and apparent sincerity on upward influence. In this study, we attempted to mitigate common method bias by collecting data from two sources. team member-member dyads have been conveniently sampled and survey within private and public corporations. 275 pairs of returned questionnaires were utilized to verify the hypotheses. According to the hierarchical regression, firstly, value congruence have mediating effects on the relationship between political skills and upward influence. Particularly value congruence have full mediating effects on the relationship between networking ability and upward influence. Secondly, apparent sincerity has stronger relationship with value congruence and upward influence than the other sub factor of political skills. Based on these results, implications and limitations of this study are discussed and future research direction are suggested.
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