中国 云冈石窟과 龙门石窟의 背后思想과 空间特性

Abstract

This study is a comparative study on the fundamental history and a characteristic of a space between Yungang grottoes and Longmen grottoes. The research analyzed the fundamental history and a characteristic of a space between longmen grottoes and yungang grottoes. Scholars who returned in their hometown at Wei, Tang dynasty created distinguishable unique garden from style of India grottoes on the basis of Buddhism, and the theory of divination based on topography. Both grottoes have much similarities and differences each other, such as rich colors, the comprehensive big museum, as well as research and so on our country history, religion, culture, art, medicine, has provided the extremely precious material. Yungang Grottoes is located in Yungang Town 16km away from Datong, and was firstly carved, 1,500 years ago, during the 1st year of Heping Era in the Northern Wei Dynasty (in A.D.460). In1961, it was published by the State Council as one of the National Key Cultural Relics Preservation Units; In 2001, Yungang was listed as one of UNESCO's World Cultural Heritages. Yungang Caves, and as one of China's four most famous Buddhist Caves Art Treasure Houses. Yungang grottoes is the Model of the Culture’s and the Spirit of the Eastern Stone Carving Art. Longmen Grottoes was inscribed on World Heritage List because it was promulgated one of the first group of UNESCO's scenic zones. Bai Garden, located on PeakPipa in the north of the East LongmenHill(Xiangshan Hill), was reconstructed by Tang Youzeng of Qing Dynasty in A.D. 1709. The tomb of Bai Juyi is a round mound of earth, 4 meters high, with a circumference of 52 meters. In front of the tomb stands a tombstone of 2.80 meters high, which reads, “The Tomb of Bai Juyi Tai”. When Bai Juyi died, he was buried in the present Bai Garden, according to his will. Xiangshan Temple, which ranked the first among the ten temples at Longmen, is situated in the middle mountainside of the East Hill. The East Longmen Hill was named “Xiang ge”, hence the name Xiangshan. The Longmen Grottoes statue, is not only all previous dynasties working people and the artist infinite wisdom and the blood, but also is rare and beautiful flowers which external cultural and Chinese culture union becomes. Unfortunately the research not analyzed about the theory of divination based on topography among the fundamental history in longmen grottoes and yungang grottoes. It is necessary that divergent researches about the theory of divination based on topography from a different standpoint should be followed in the future research.