일본어 부사 たくさん 일고찰 ‒문장성분과 어순을 중심으로‒

Abstract

The paper first examines the use of sentence components through example sentences in which the adverb “たくさん” is used. As a result, it was found that “たくさん” is most frequently used as an adverbial modifier, but its use as a modifier of noun phrases was also significant. Additionally, in cases where it functions as an adverbial modifier, there were instances where it modified adjectives as well. In cases where “たくさん” is used as an adverbial modifier, it most frequently appears directly in front of verbs (93.94%). This confirms that the basic word order for “たくさん” is right before the predicate. However, there were also examples where “たくさん” appeared in front of the object. Therefore, the study also examined the position of “たくさん” when modifying transitive verbs. As a result, when the object was marked with a focus particles (such as は、も), the word order tended to be object + focus particles+ たくさん + transitive verb. When marked with the を case particle, in cases where the noun phrase was lengthened by a relative clause or coordination, the word order was more likely to be を+ たくさん + transitive verb. However, when the noun phrase was a single word, the word order tended to be たくさん + を+ transitive verb. It was also confirmed that when adverbs like “ずいぶん、もっと、こんなに” modify “たくさん,” the order tends to be たくさん right before the をparticle. The study further examined differences in sentence structure by dividing them into main clauses and subordinate clauses, but it was found that “たくさん” was used evenly in both. However, in relative clauses, the usage of たくさん + を+ transitive verb was more frequent than the を+ たくさん + transitive verb order.