副詞「もう」の用法について - 学習者の作文データにおける副詞「もう」の用例分析 -

Abstract

In this article, we focus on unnatural examples involving the adverb mou attested in the compositions written by the learners of Japanese, and propose a teaching guide for the adverb mou by considering the usage and the meaning of mou in the composition data. To begin with, we survey the usage of the adverb mon appearing in basic-level textbooks to understand the way in which the polysemous adverb mou is taught. It is then revealed that multiple meanings of mou are introduced at the early stage of teaching. Based on this finding as well as the analyses of mou in previous studies, we present the criteria for classifying several meanings of mou in order to classify the learners’ uses of mou found in their composition examples and to consider what teaching is required for unnatural examples. The adverb mou may be classified, in terms of form, into (i) cases where mou modifies a numeral or another adverb and (ii) cases where mou modifies a predicate. In terms of meaning, however, typical and peripheral instances, together with differences in meaning, are observed for each of (i) and (ii). As for (i), the meaning of “addition” is observed in the typical instances where mou modifiers a numeral or another adverb, where such meaning tends to be absent in the peripheral instances.As for (ii), in the typical instances where mou modifies a predicate, mou expresses that a state underwent a change and a new state has emerged. By contrast, in the peripheral instances, mou expresses that a state has not yet underwent a change. Furthermore, in cases where mou modifies a predicate, some examples are attested in which the speaker’s emotion is expressed, and they are classified as the category (ii') of expressing an emotive meaning. Our survey indicates that the teaching of formal aspects of grammar such as “sentence pattern” and “verb conjugation” is required for the uses (i) and (ii), and that though basic-level textbooks do not introduce the category (ii'), it needs to be properly taught since it is attested in the learners’ compositions.