고대중국어 ‘기도하다’류 유의어 연구— ‘祝’, ‘祈’, ‘禱’를 중심으로

Abstract

In ancient China, sacrifice was a religious activity of the whole nation and the whole local people. There are many ways of offering sacrifices, and there are many objects of offering sacrifices. These objects of sacrifice are collectively referred to as gods. This reflects the ancient Chinese people’s fear of nature and the unknown world relieved through the ritual of worshiping gods. The psychology of worshiping gods is full of great significances in the sacrificial culture of ancient China. The sacrificial ceremony must offer sacrifices to show great respect for the gods. In this way, people can get the protection of the gods, avoid disasters and seek for good luck. Then people show their awe of the gods through the ritual of sacrifice, so sacrifice can be identified said to be one of the most important cultural phenomena in ancient China. Sacrifice and its related behaviors constitute the main content of ancient religious activities, and the words related to these contents are sacrifice words. This paper mainly studies these three words of sacrifice which have the meaning of ‘pray’, namely ‘Zhu (祝)’, ‘Qi(祈)’, ‘Dao(禱)’, ‘Qi’ and ‘pray’. ‘Blessing’, ‘praying’ and ‘praying’ all refer to pray for blessings, and then generally refer to praying. First of all, the original meaning of ‘Zhu (祝)’, ‘Qi(祈)’ and ‘Dao(禱)’ is analyzed. At the same time,this paper analyzes the meaning characteristics of these synonymous verbs to distinguish the similarities and differences between them. Then we need to analyze the use cases of these synonyms in the representative literature of ancient and medieval times to investigate their frequency of occurrence, and confirm the main vocabulary of each period.