조상 신령과 관련한 ‘示’ 부수에 속한 한자에 반영된 고대 중국의 제사 풍속과 문화사유

Abstract

The Chinese characters in the ‘示’ section of 『說文解字』 focus on matters related to ancestral rites in ancient China, and through this, one can understand the political society and cultural ideas of ancient China. Ancient Chinese society, which valued blood ties, had already shifted to an ancestor-centered ancestral rite culture during the Yin Dynasty, and through the establishment and standardization of kinship relationships, a unique Chinese ancestor-centered ancestral rite culture developed during the Zhou Dynasty. This ancestral rite culture is also reflected in the Chinese characters in the 示 part of 『說文解字』, so in this study, the ancestor-related Chinese characters ‘祖’, ‘祏’, ‘祪’, ‘祔’ and the Chinese characters related to ancestral rites ‘祠’, ‘While conducting research by dividing into ‘礿’, ‘禘’, ‘祫’, ‘𥛱’, and ‘祰’, we looked into ancient Chinese ancestral rite customs and cultural reasons. ‘祖’, ‘祪’, and ‘祔’ refer to shrines that enshrine ancestors, and ‘祏’ refers to the sacred tablets enshrined there, so the Chinese characters related to these ancestral shrines reflect the cultural idea of worshiping ancestral spirits. The cultural thinking of ancient Chinese society, which values blood ties and agriculture, can be said to be reflected in ritual activities such as ‘祠’, ‘礿’, ‘禘’, and ‘祫’, which are regularly performed for ancestral spirits. 𥛱, 祰, which refer to irregular ancestral rites for ancestral spirits, also reflect the cultural ideology of filial piety and the idea of deifying the monarch’s ancestors.