중국 문자에서 본 祭祀文化에 관한 고찰 - ≪說文解字≫의 “示部”를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper is the “Explanation” which takes the “示” part as Script in the Discussion of Chinese Cultural Sacrifice from the perspective of etymology There have 76 characters of the ‘示’ part which has nothing to do with the character of this paper. I will analyze some characters of “示” part of Sacrifice in this paper. It can be divided into five categories, namely, the meaning of Sacrifice, the ritual objects, the ritual, the purpose of Sacrifice and the ritual results. From the ritual of the meaning of the word: At that time, the ancient Chinese ritual significance is the hand with a drop of juice under the meat to worship the gods, and gods who can transport. The object of Sacrifice is from God, only the social, ancestors　神,　祇,　社,　祖,　祏, 褅,　䃾,　禪,　禡,　祔,　祈,　祰,　祧.　祏,　祪,　禓　for instance in order to know heavenly god, and earth, their ancestors, mountains, rivers , heavenly king , Siming, god of army, god of daylight, The ritual of sacrifice that from the offering – 禋, 柴, 祠, 礿, 祼, 𥛱, 祳, 𥚩, 祰, 祫, 祝, 祴 𥛱, 祳, 𥚩,　祰, 祫，祴 for instance - shows that they are sacrificed to worship god; They put livestock and Yubo(玉帛) on firewood, and the fire burned which means that the it is offering to a heavenly god as the smoke rose; Sacrifice in Spring, with many new summer dishes, washing and cooking which are to worship the gods or ancestral King, means the praise message more than a simply Offering things; And use of liquor and blood poured in to Shenzhu around is for asking god's spirit to comedown; when they are offering, they worship god with message; And they used musical instruments for their temple festival. The purpose of sacrifice that from 禮　禱，祈，禦, 禜, 禳, 祓, 禫, 禂, 禖, 禬 for instance is to get blessing and longevity and in order to avoid wind and snow, floods, droughts, pestilence and resentment. And another reason is to avoid soldier and horse not to get disease. And another reason is that the officer can be able to solve the people's hardship. The results of Sacrifice, that from 禧, 禛, 祿, 禠, 祥, 祉, 福, 禎, 祺, 禔, 祐, 祗, 禍, 祟 for instance, shows in the Good or good fortune or a safety; and in awe of god, but if the sacrificial ceremonies is wrong, it will offend the gods, god will not bless, and bring disaster. The above is from the “示” part of characters to understand ancient Chinese cultural sacrifice.