일본 고문헌 및 고지도에 나타난 울릉도 지명과 독도 『竹島圖說, 竹島雜誌』를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to review the geographical names of Ulleungdo and Dokdo appeared in ancient Japanese documents and maps, and to examine how they relate to the current geographical names. Geographical names make it possible to distinguish a place from other places, and the means of conveying the geographical information as well, which is a symbolic text containing changes in the local landscape. The items reviewed in this paper are summarized as follows. First, “Takeshimazu(竹島圖)” drawn by Hachiemon influenced to Kanamori’s “Takeshimazu” that was subsequently produced. However, in this Hachiemon’s 「Takeshimazu」 described the characteristic specified places of Ulleungdo, but no ‘name’ was given. That is, Hachiemon and Kanamori’s 「Takeshimazu」 does not reflect the geographical information of Oya and Murakawa in the 1600s. In other words, the maps of this line appear to have been independently produced by Hachiemon. Second, 「Takeshima-taigai-zu(竹島大概圖)」(1854) and 「Takeshima-no-zu(竹島之圖)」(1871) produced by Matsuura Takeshiro(松浦武四郞) a Hokkaido explorer reflected the geographical information both of the maps published by Hachiemon and Oya=Murakawa. In other words, it contains the ‘place names’ of both family’s Jukdo Voyage in the 17th century. Based on the information of Kanamori Matsuura, who had a high reputation as a geography compiler, it contains geographical information of Oya and Murakawa together. Third, if you look at these four types of ‘Ulleungdo Jeondo-Whole Map’, no ‘place name’ is given to detailed places of inland at all. This seems to reflect the need for navigation and resource collection (aquatic resources and forest resources) of the party who carried out the ‘Takeshima tokai’. Therefore, the maps described detailed information on rocky islands, beaches, rivers, valleys, and rock walls along the coast of Ulleungdo but does not include any information about on the Nari Basin the inland Ulleungdo. However, the Takeshima-zasshi, compiled three times by Matsuura Takeshiro, were all published in Tokyo, and were written in response to the social demands of the Meiji government at the time, such as the search for territorial expansion and advancement into the continent, which played a role of spreading the geographical information on Ulleungdo nationwide.