근대 일본의 수로지에 나타난 울릉도․독도 인식

Abstract

Geographical recognition is very important for Dokdo sovereignty dispute. This is related to the recognition on Ulleungdo․Dokdo which reveals in every geographical records. This paper will review the Japanese Ulleungdo․Dokdo recognition after Meiji(1868) until Japanese coercive merge of Korea in modern geography records. Especially this paper focused on 『pilot』 which was published by Japan Ministry of Marine Department of Marine Sea etc. Because those facts could suggest a logical base if the foundation of Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs for Dokdo sovereignty by ‘historical recognition’ and ‘Terra Nulius’ would establish. We can point out three issues in the analysis for the pilot. First, the Japanese fisherman around Sanin(山陰) shore and Japanese Dajokan(太政官) and Ministry of Foreign Affairs consistently have recognised 「Ulleungdo＝Takeshima, Dokdo＝Matsushima」 until late of 19C but Japan navy have recognised 「Ulleungdo＝Matsushima, Dokdo＝Liancourt」 as different island. This kind of false recognition have induced the intentional annexation of Dokdo as Liancourt to Japan. This could be a same context with the past intention of Ulleungdo annexation by Tsushima province and the Takeshima one event. Second, the pilot read Ulleungdo and Dokdo as one set of geographical item in Ulleungdo until 1905 Dokdo annexation by Japan and from 1910 coercive merge of Korean peninsular by Japan to Korean liberation year. This view proves Japan have recognized Dokdo(Matsushima) as one of attached island of Ulleungdo (Takeshima) or neighbor island from Bafuku era. Third, modern Japan navy publish pilot shows obvious differentiation of territory. After 1895, Taiwan was included in Japanese territory in the 『Japan Pilot』 but others were included in 『Choseon Pilot』, which showed obvious view of the pilot recognizing the territorial sea and land in unit. So, the fact Dokdo․Ulleungdo was included in 『Choseon Pilot』 obviously proved the islands were belong to Choseon territory.