주택정책이 주택시장여건에 미치는 영향에 관한 시론적 연구: 공간적 관점에서
A Preliminary Analysis on the Impact of Housing Policies on the Housing Market Conditions: A Spatial Perspective
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참여정부(2003~2008년)는 주택문제의 효과적 해결을 위한 노력의 일환으로 5년의 기간 동안 12가지의 주요 주택정책을 도입하였다. 이들 정책의 일차적인 목표는 주택가격의 안정이었지만 주택시장 여건의 개선, 특히 중산층 및 저소득층 가구에게 구득이 가능한 주택들을 다양한 장소들에서 제공하는 것 또한 정책이 의도하는 부분이었다. 본 연구는 서울의 주택가격 자료를 이용하여 참여정부가 시행한 다양한 유형의 주택정책들의 실효성을 분석하였다. 이러한 목적을 위하여 주택시장여건을 반영하는 세 가지 지수들(평균주택가격, 주택가격의 공간적 불균등도와 공간적 집중도)이 검증되었다. 분석에서는 서울 내 두 곳의 하위주택시장(강남과 기타)이 가격대와 위치를 기준으로 구분되었다. 연구의 결과, 수요 및 공급지향적 수단들을 결합한 혼합정책이 평균주택가격, 주택가격의 공간적 불균등도와 공간적 집중도 모두를 낮추는데 효과적이었던 반면, 수요지향적 정책은 강남내 주택가격의 공간적 불균등도를 낮추는데 효과적이었다. 이러한 연구결과는 혼합정책과는 달리 수요정책은 그 효과가 선별적으로만 나타남을 시사하고 있다.
Abstract
The Participatory Government (2003-2008) in Korea has introduced as many as 12 major housing policies in its five-year term in an attempt to effectively address housing problems. Although the primary objective of those policies was to stabilize housing price, they also intended to enhance the housing market conditions especially for the medium- and low-income households to have an access to more affordable housing at diverse places. This study investigates the efficacy of different types of the housing policies enacted by the Participatory Government using the housing price data in Seoul, Korea. For this purpose, three indicators representing housing market conditions are examined: average housing price and, its spatial inequality and concentration. Two housing sub-markets in Seoul are distinguished based on the price ranges and locations: Gangnam and the others. The results show that mixed policies combining demand- and supply-oriented tools have been more effective in improving all three indicators in general, while demand-oriented policies have been more so in improving the spatial inequality of housing price in Gangnam. The results of the study suggest that unlike mixed policies the effect of demand-oriented policies is realized only in a selective way.
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