베이징(北京)의 도시 기원과 역사적 발전과정
The Urban Origin and Historical Growth Processes of Beijing in China
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초록
베이징은 중국의 수도이자 국제대도시이다. 이 연구는 베이징의 역사적인 도시발전과정을 4단계로 고찰하는 데 목적을 두었다. 첫 단계는 베이징의 도시 기원에 대한 고찰이었다. 두 번째 단계에서는 중화인민공화국이 수립되기 이전(1900~1949년)의 도시발전을 다뤘다. 세 번째는 계획경제 시기(1949~1979년)였으며, 네 번째는 시장경제와 글로벌경제로의 전환 단계(1979~2018년)였다. 각 단계에서 베이징의 계획정책, 구도심의 재개발, 주택 개발이라는 3가지 측면을 고려하였다. 이 연구는 베이징의 도시 경쟁력과 공간구조 및 발전과정을 이해하는 토대 연구로서의 의미를 가진다.
Abstract
Beijing is the Capital of China and a great international city in the world. This study reviewed historical urban development processes of Beijing by four stages. The origin of Beijing was investigated in the first stage. The second one dealt with the period of the urban development of Beijing prior to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (1900-1949). The third step was the period of planned economy (1949-1979), and the final one was the period of transformation to market and global economy (1979-2018). Three aspects were considered in terms of planning policy, redevelopment of old city proper, and housing development of Beijing in each stage. This study has a meaning as milestones to understand the urban competitiveness, spatial structure, and development processes of Beijing.
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