中国历史上第一部不成文国籍法 - 以清政府对朝鲜垦民施行的“剃发”、“易服”入籍政策为例 -
The First Unwritten Nationality Law in Chinese History - Taking the Naturalization Policy of ‘Shaving Hair’ and ‘Changing Clothes’ Implemented by Qing Government to Korean Reclamation People as an Example -
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清政府对朝鲜垦民实施的“剃发”、“易服”入籍政策开创了中国国籍法历史的新开端. 十九世纪，朝鲜避难民冒禁迁入间岛，即满人的圣地进行开垦种植，对闭关锁国的清政府来讲无疑是一个非常重大的事件. 面对沙俄对中国东北地区的割占和入侵危机，清政府意识到废除东北封禁令的必要性和移民实边的迫切性. 于是对朝鲜垦民采取了以东北土地所有权为前提的“剃发”、“易服”入籍政策. 这一政策在实行过程中既呈现了处理朝鲜垦民国籍问题的入籍惯例，即入籍习惯法，也促使了中国历史上第一部不成文国籍法的衍生，开拓了中国国籍法史的新思路.
Abstract
Qing dynasty’s naturalization policy of “haircut” and “change clothes” on Korean immigrants created a new beginning for China’s nationality law history. In the nineteenth century, Korean refugees entered into Kantao where Manchu’s holy land and cultivated. It undoubtedly is a pretty momentous event for closed-door policy of the Qing Dynasty. Facing Russia’s occupying the northeast of China and invasion crisis, Qing Dynasty was aware of the necessity of abolishing northeast seal ban and the urgency of immigration and strengthening border. Consequently, it implemented “haircut” and “change clothes”naturalization policy which premise was northeast land ownership on Korean reclamation people. This policy in the process of implementing had taken on naturalization convention on disposing the nationality problem of Korean reclamation people. That is naturalization common law, and it led to derivative of the first unwritten nationality law in China’s history. It staged at the historical process of the China’s Nationality Law.
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