북송 초기 銅錢의 鑄造와 流通

Abstract

It was different the role of coin depending on the time that the northern and the southern of the Song dynasty. First, coin was the common currency that played a role of the medium of exchange in the northern Song dynasty. Excepting the some area such as sichuan province, coin was used as the common currency. The government of the northern Song dynasty founded a paper-notes office[交子務] in Sichuan province in 1023 year[天聖 元] and first issued paper-money. However, the paper-money had been had no effect on the circulation of coin. Because it was issued on the area that iron coin was used as the common currency. The coin of the northern Song dynasty played a key role as the common currency and the medium of exchange. In the northern Song dynasty, the total amount of coinage was more than a hundred million coins[貫], and it was reached one and a half million coins per year. On the contrary, the amount of coinage was reduced to average fifteen hundred thousand coins per year during the southern Song dynasty. Compared with the northern Song dynasty, the amount was nothing more than one-tenth degree. However, it sometimes did not reach to fifteen hundred thousand coins. The Korean scholars have conducted the research on the shrinkage in the amount of coinage in the era of the southern Song dynasty. The writer guess that the main reasons were because of the issuing paper money, the national financing problem that caused by the inflation in the Southern Song dynasty. Using a lesson that the issuing the paper money in the northern Song dynasty, the government of the southern Song dynasty increased the kind of the paper money and the place that issuing the paper money. Accordingly, coin lost it's position as the common currency. In the southern Song dynasty, although coin kept the position of the medium of exchange, it was a role of a reserve fund.