宋錢이 高麗貨幣에 끼친 影響

Abstract

The Song dynasty that was established by Zhao Kuangyin had minted and circulated a great deal of cooper coins and iron coins until the fall of the dynasty in 13th century. Also the Song dynasty was the first government in world history to issue paper printed money, Jiaozi(交子) that is regarded as the first paper money, in the first year of Emperor Renzong(1023). The southern Song dynasty had used the metallic currency and bank note such as Jiaozi and Huizi(會子) together. In this situation, the metallic coin, espically cooper coin heavily influenced on neighboring countries and became the international currency in the East Asian economic bloc. The Song dynasty issued the largest amount of metal money and used world’s first paper money. It can be said that the Song’s currency accounts a large part of Chinese history. The increase of currency issuance and the using of the large denomination bill means the development of the commodity market and the growth of the economic scale in the Song dynasty. In spite of the explosive increase of coin issuance than before, the Song dynasty had suffered from coin shortage. This was due to the lack of circulation rather than the shortage of volume. As the growing shortage of coin was threatening, the Song dynasty tried to impose strict regulation on the trade of cooper. It is presumed that one of the biggest causes of the shortage of volume was because the upper classes of Song dynasty saved cooper coins as a way of wealth accumulation rather than circulated. It can be learn through where discovered the Song’s coin is the sites of upper class’s mansions or tombs, not the foundry or the cash office. In addition, the Song’s coins were discovered in great quantity in the area of the Liao dynasty during the northern Song dynasty, in the area of the Jin dynasty during the southern Song dynasty and Japan. This is also confirmed through historical records that Song’s coin was flowed out into these regions. From 10th century to 13th century, many other countries such as Liao, Jin, Korea and Japan minted their own coin. However, the quantity of these coins were poorer than the Song’s coin. It led to the appreciation of the song’s coin in these regions. The status of the Song’s coin at that time in the East Asia is similar to the position of US dollar today.