문화대혁명과 경제주의(자) -사회주의체제하의 비정규직 노동운동을 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper specifically applied “the view of the periphery” to an examination on the “economists” who were in the period of the Cultural Revolution. During the 17 years since the People’s Republic of China was established, there had been a certain class which was newly reduced to lower classes within the structured social system. Despite its pursuit for a classless society, socialism also saw the advent of the new and privileged class as well as politically, economically, culturally lower classes. The Cultural Revolution provided the temporary worker(臨時工), the contract worker(合同工), the outsourcing worker(外包工), the downward youth(下鄕知靑) and the retired military personnel the opportunity to raise their economic status, rank, and pay. However, “the clique of Cultural Revolution”(文革派) suppressed these demands by labeling them as “the economist.” Their political radicalization was caused by the setbacks of such economic demands. In fact, it is more sound to say that such problems as the regularization of non-regular workers, the downward youth's demand for urban relief, the demand for unpaid wages and demand for assurance about their rest of lives are intrinsically existing problems of capitalism rather than of the socialist system. If that is the case, did the new class-conflict problem arise also within socialism? Otherwise, should we understand their rebel(造反) merely as a temporary accident during the period of the Cultural Revolution? Though “the clique Cultural Revolution” silenced “the economy” in terms of “politics,” the public’s economic demands and struggles could not easily disappear. Therefore, the demands of “economists” were more likely to either externalize or internalize as a new form, that is to say, a form of political demand. There have been enduring unclarity regarding the overall aspect of changes in the demands and movements of the “economists.” The revolution of these “peripheral economist” has not been fully revealed comprehensively, and their voices are awaiting a new interpretation while they are still experiencing suppress.