중국어 성취동사 진행상 — 영어와의 비교를 중심으로
Progressive Achievements in Mandarin Chinese: Focusing on Comparison with English
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper analyzed the co-occurrence of achievement verbs with progressive aspect marker, i.e. progressive achievements and its interpretations in Mandarin Chinese. Achievement verbs denote change of state, so they are regarded as [-durative], and they typically can’t co-occur with progressive aspect marker. But we claim that achievement verbs have [±durative] feature, because there is a subclass of achievement verbs so-called degree achievement which have [+durative] feature, and they can occur with progressives. Furthermore, some of [-durative] achievement verbs can also occur in progressives. According to the interpretation of progressives, we classified English progressive achievements into seven classes, i.e. preliminary stage, iterative event, slow-motion effect, near future event, ongoing process of [-durative] achievements, ongoing process of [-durative][+open scale] degree achievements, and ongoing process of [+durative][+closed scale] degree achievements. Comparing with English, Chinese has one more class ― “continuation”. Each class shows different entailments on the imperfective paradox. We found that the interpretation of progressive achievements have a high dependency on context in Mandarin Chinese. Because the Chinese progressive ZAI(在) is less grammaticalized than English, and the progressive achievement is not a generalized form in Mandarin Chinese.
Abstract
This paper analyzed the co-occurrence of achievement verbs with progressive aspect marker, i.e. progressive achievements and its interpretations in Mandarin Chinese. Achievement verbs denote change of state, so they are regarded as [-durative], and they typically can’t co-occur with progressive aspect marker. But we claim that achievement verbs have [±durative] feature, because there is a subclass of achievement verbs so-called degree achievement which have [+durative] feature, and they can occur with progressives. Furthermore, some of [-durative] achievement verbs can also occur in progressives. According to the interpretation of progressives, we classified English progressive achievements into seven classes, i.e. preliminary stage, iterative event, slow-motion effect, near future event, ongoing process of [-durative] achievements, ongoing process of [-durative][+open scale] degree achievements, and ongoing process of [+durative][+closed scale] degree achievements. Comparing with English, Chinese has one more class ― “continuation”. Each class shows different entailments on the imperfective paradox. We found that the interpretation of progressive achievements have a high dependency on context in Mandarin Chinese. Because the Chinese progressive ZAI(在) is less grammaticalized than English, and the progressive achievement is not a generalized form in Mandarin Chinese.
참고문헌 (31)
- 김경학, "행위동사, 완성동사 교체현상과 사건구조", 수원대학교 논문집, 20, pp.35~46 (2002)
- 김경학, "완결성 교체현상과 사건구조", 영어학, 2(2), pp.161~183 (2002), 한국영어학회
- 최규발, "中ㆍ韓 ‘성취’유형과 미완료상표지 간의 결합대조", 중국학논총, (42), pp.47~68 (2013), 중국학연구소[DOI]
- 김윤신, "한국어 동사의 사건구조와 사건함수 '-고 있다'의 기능", 형태론, 6(1), pp.43~65 (2004), 형태론
- 김윤신, "한국어 기동 동사의 어휘 의미 구조와 생성적 기제", 어학연구, 41(3), pp.493~516 (2005), 언어교육원
- 김윤신, "한국어 동사의 사건 구조와 어휘상", 한국어학, 30, pp.31~62 (2006), 한국어학회
- 김윤신, "국어 상태 변화 동사의 논항과 사건 구조", 우리말연구, (24), pp.29~58 (2009), 우리말학회
- 오유정, "동결식과 진행상의 공기: 상 윤곽 및 상적 해석의 개념을 바탕으로", 중국학논총, (57), pp.57~80 (2017), 중국학연구소[DOI]
- 정언학, "상 이론과 보조 용언의 역사적 연구" (2006), 태학사
- 정지수, "현대 중국어 결과보어 구문의 사건구조와 부정", 중국어문논총, (46), pp.205~226 (2010), 중국어문연구회[DOI]
- 정지수, "진행상 표지 근원 연구 ― ≪兒女英雄傳≫을 중심으로", 중국어문논총, (59), pp.53~73 (2013), 중국어문연구회[DOI]
- 정지수, "개체성 상태동사와 지속상 표지 ‘着’의 결합현상 연구 ― ‘有着’를 중심으로", 중국어문논총, (82), pp.43~70 (2017), 중국어문연구회[DOI]
- 최규발, "中國語言文字論稿", pp.95~115 (2007), 올린책상
- 郭锐, "汉语动词的过程结构", 中国语文, (6), pp.410~419 (1993)
- 孟琮, "汉语动词用法词典" (1999), 商务印书馆
- 王媛, "现代汉语动结式的进行体", 语言科学, 10, pp.1~ (2011)
- 徐丹, "汉语句法引论" (2004), 北京语言文化大学出版社出版
- 杨素英, "语法研究和探索(九)", pp.81~105 (2000), 商务印书馆
- 杨素英, "动词情状分类及分类中的问题", 语言学论丛, 39, pp.478~505 (2009), 商务印书馆
- Bhat, D. N. S., "The Prominence of Tense, Aspect and Mood" (1999), John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Botne, Robert, "To die across languages: toward a typology of achievement verbs", Linguistic Typology, 7, pp.233~278 (2003)
- Croft, William, "Verbs-Aspect and Causal Structure" (2012), Oxford University Press
- Dowty, David R., "Word Meaning and Montague Grammar" (1979), D. Reidel Publishing Company
- Hay, "Scalar structure Underlies Telicity in Degree Achievements", SALT, 9, pp.127~144 (1999)
- Lin, Jimmy, "Are Degree Achievements Really Achievements?", Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Chinese Languages and Linguistics (IsCLL-9) (2004)
- Rothstein, Susan, "Structuring Events" (2004), Blackwell Publishing
- Smith, C., "The Parameter of Aspect" (1997), Kluwer Academic
- Vlach, Frank, "The semantic of the Progressive", Synthese, 54, pp.129~152 (1981)
- Xiao, Richard, "Aspect in Mandarin Chinese" (2004), John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Xu, Hongzhi, "Primitives of Events and the Semantic Representation", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Generative Approaches to the Lexicon (GL2013), pp.54~61 (2013)
- Yang, Suying, "The Aspectual System of Chinese", Ph.D., pp.1995