중간문과 遭遇 把字句― 중간태와 태 전환 현상에 관한 소고

Abstract

In this paper, we investigated middle construction and encounter baconstruction. The middle construction is the construction of the voice in the middlebetween passive voice and active voice, while encounter ba-construction is the construction in the middle stage between the disposal(active) and the causative(zhishi). First of all, when we look at the commonality between the two constructions, the agent is implied and not remarkable, so that these construction has the meaning of ‘unexpectedness’. This is related to the background or deletion of the agent, and thus the change of the transitive verb (from two valency to one valency) is also common. Next, the deletion of subject is also similar. Especially, in case of the middle construction in Chinese, unlike English, subject can be frequently omitted. Despite these commonalities, there is also a clear distinction between these two constructions. First, the subject of the middle construction is responsible for the occurrence of the event, while the subject of encounter ba-construction is often omitted, or even if it is, only serves as a position reference point for the Ba-NP. Second, the agent of the middle construction is implied and generic, but in the encounter ba-construction it is completely omitted. Third, aspect markers don’t appear in the middle construction, while these aspect markers, especially ‘le’ appears frequently in encounter ba-contruction.