기후재난에 대응하는 여성농민 공동체의 농생태학 실천 연구
Agroecology Practices of Peasant Women Communities In Response to Climate Disasters
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 농업의 기후재난에 대응하는 여성농민 공동체의 농생태학 실천 연구를 통해 농업의 지속가능성을 위한 실질적 대안을 모색하고자 한다. 기후재난으로인해 농업의 생산량이 급감하는 가운데, 이에 대한 일회적이고 단기적인 대응을넘어서 토양의 회복과 작물의 생태계 다양성, 재난을 예방하기 위한 농업 실천, 먹거리와 생태적 지속가능성을 위한 먹거리 사슬과 먹거리체계 등 장기적인 관점에서 기후재난 대응 방안을 모색하는 일이 긴급히 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 기후재난의 대안으로써 농생태학에 주목하며, 특히 한국사회 여성농민 중심 농생태학 실천이 어떻게 기후재난에 대응하는지를 분석하기 위해 언니네텃밭 여성농민 생산자 협동조합 사례를 중심으로 설문조사와 사례 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과 대부분의 연구참여자들은 기후재난과 이로 인한 다층적 어려움을 경험하면서도 언니네텃밭 공동체를 중심으로 농생태학을 실천하고 지역적 차원에서 먹거리 돌봄과연대를 이어가고 있었다. 그러나 심화되는 기후재난 아래 농민들의 농생태학 실천은 공적 정책과 지원체계 없이 농가 단위에서 개별적으로 지속하기 어려운 상황이다. 본 연구는 농민을 단순히 기후재난의 피해자로 설정하는 것에서 나아가 농생태학을 통해 탄소를 감축하는 적극적인 행위자로 보고, 공적 제도와 지원체계 마련을 제언한다.
Abstract
This study explores the agroecology practices of South Korean peasant women in response to the climate disaster. There is an urgent need to seek long-term climate disaster response strategies, as agricultural production faces a sharp decline due to climate disasters. This entails exploring solutions from a long-term perspective, for instance, focusing on soil restoration, crop diversity, agricultural practices for disaster prevention, and food chains and systems for food security and ecological sustainability. Therefore, this study focuses on agroecology as a comprehensive alternative measure to address the social, ecological, and political issues of climate disasters, which include soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, cycle collapse of food and rural areas, decline in agricultural population, and patriarchal entrenched in agriculture and food systems. This study conducted a mixed-methods approach on the case of the ‘Sisters’ Garden’ peasant women community in South Korea. We utilized nationwide surveys and case studies in two regions to analyze the actual experiences and practices of peasant women who have been practicing agroecology for the past decade. The results showed that most of the research participants were experiencing climate disasters and therefore facing multi-layered difficulties. Nevertheless, they were practicing agroecology centered on the ‘Sisters’ Garden’ community, building food justice and solidarity at the local level. However, peasants' agroecological practices under climate disasters are difficult to respond to individually at the farm level without public policies and support systems. However, in the face of worsening climate disasters, their agroecology practices are unsustainable without public policies and support systems. Therefore, we argue that public policies and support systems to facilitate this transition should be established in order to view peasants not simply as victims of climate disasters but as proactive agents in carbon reduction through practicing agroecology.
참고문헌 (31)
- 김효정, "기후위기 시대 여성농민운동의 생태적 전환과 다종 간 관계성의 변화", 한국여성학, 39(2), pp.141~169 (2023)
- "농업·농촌 탄소 중립 및 기후변화 적응" (2024)[URL]
- 이해진, "소비자에서먹거리시민으로", 경제와 사회, 96, pp.43~76 (2012)
- 지속 가능한 농업을 위한 농생태학 교재 및 교육 프로그램 연구 및 개발, "정영이", 대산농촌재단, ~ (2017)
- 재난 이후 공동체 정책을 통한 지역사회 복원에 관한 연구, "최준규", 경기연구원, ~ (2021)
- 통계청, "통계로 본 제주의 어제와 오늘", 통계청, ~ (2023)
- Aubert, Pierre-Marie, "Agroecology and carbon neutrality in Europe by 2050: what are the issues? Findings from the TYFA modelling exercise", IDDRI, 2(18) (2018)
- Bensin, Basil, "Possibilities for international cooperation in agroecological investigations", Int. Rev. Agr. Mo. Bull. Agr. Sci. Pract, 21, pp.277~284 (1930)
- Bezerra, A., "Gender, Agroecology and Local Markets at São José de Mipibu in Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil", Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 46(4), pp.604~625 (2022)
- "Report Submitted by the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food to the UN General Assembly" (2010)[URL]
- "Agroecology Knowledge Hub" (2023)[URL]
- Glemarec, Yannick, "Addressing the gender differentiated investment risks to climate-smart agriculture", Agriculture and Food, 2, pp.56~74 (2017)
- Gliessman, Stephen. R, "Agroecology : The Ecology of Sustainable Food Systems" (2007), CRC Press
- Agroecological and other Innovative Approaches for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems that Enhance Food Security and Nutrition, "HLPE", High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, ~ (2019)
- Mayer, Andreas, "Impacts of Scaling up Agroecology on the Sustainability of European Agriculture in 2050", EuroChoices, 21, pp.27~36 (2022)
- Petersen, Paulo, "The Sage Handbook of Nature" (2018), SAGE Reference
- Pimbert, Michel, "Global status of agroecology : A perspective on current practices, potential and challenges", Economic and Political Weekly, 53, pp.52~57 (2018)
- Quintero, Carolina, "Evidence of agroecology’s contribution to mitigation, adaptation, and resilience under climate variability and change in Latin America", Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 48(2), pp.228~252 (2024)
- "Environmental impacts of food production (Our World in Data)" (2022)[URL]
- Rosset, Peter M., "Agroecology : science and politics" (2017), Fernwood Publishing
- Without Feminism, There Is no Agroecology, "Seibert, Iridiani G.", Civil Society Mechanism (CSM) for relations to the UN Committee on World Food Security, ~ (2019)
- Shiva, Vandana, "Earth Democracy : Justice, Sustainability and Peace" (2016), Zed Books
- Singh, Pushpa, "Exploring gender approach to climate change and agroecology : Women farmer's search for agency in India", Asian Journal of Social Science, 51, pp.18~24 (2023)
- Agroecology and climate change rapid evidence review:Performance of agroecological approaches in low- and middle- income countries, "Snapp, Sieglinde", CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, ~ (2021)
- Thayer, Anastasia W., "Integrating agriculture and ecosystems to find suitable adaptations to climate change", Climate, 8(1) (2020)
- Trevilla-Espinal, Diana Lilia, "Feminist agroecology : Analyzing power relationships in food systems", Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 45(7), pp.1029~1049 (2021)
- Tscharntke, Teja, "Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity: ecosystem service management", Ecology Letters, 8, pp.857~874 (2005)
- Tschirren, Sonja, "Autonomy Through Agroecology" (2021), SwissAid
- Van der Ploeg, "The political economy of agroecology", The Journal of Peasant Studies, 48, pp.274~297 (2021)
- Wezel, A., "Agroecology as a science, a movement and a practice. A review", Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29, pp.503~515 (2009)
- Zaremba, Haley, "Toward a Feminist Agroecology", Sustainability, 13(20), pp.11244~ (2021)