만 6-9세 한국인소아에서 굴절이상에 따른 안구생체계측치의 변화 비교
Changes in the Ocular Biometric Measurements of Korean Children with Myopia and Hyperopia
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목적: 만 6-9세 굴절이상 환아에서 1년간 안구생체계측치의 변화를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2019년 12월부터 2022년 6월 사이 본원 내원한 만 6-9세의 굴절 이상 소아 60명을 대상으로 IOL master 700을 이용하여 1년 간격으로 조절마비검사와 안구생체계측치를 측정하였다. 구면렌즈대응치 +0.5 diopters (D) 이상을 원시, -0.5 D 이하를 근시로 정의하고 원시군과 근시군으로 나누어 계측치를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 연령은 원시군 6.27 ± 0.87세, 근시군 6.93 ± 0.87세였다. 두 군의 안구생체계측치를 비교하였을 때, 공통적으로 1년동안 안축장, 전방깊이, 수정체두께의 유의미한 변화가 있었다(p<0.05 for all). 두 군에서 1년 간격의 안구생체계측치 변화를 비교하였을 때 동일한 시기에서 각막곡률 평균값 및 수정체두께는 원시 소아에서 유의미하게 큰 값을 가졌으며(p<0.05 for all), 안축장, 전방깊이는 근시 소아에서 유의미하게 큰 값을 보였다(p=0.000 for all). 단, 1년 후 수정체두께는 두 군에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 정시화 이후 안구의 변화가 빠르게 일어나는 만 6-9세의 한국인 소아 중 원시 소아에서는 각막곡률 평균값 및 수정체두께가, 근시 환아에서는 안축장 및 전방깊이의 변화가 유의미하게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이는 원시와 근시 소아의 안구 성장 차이를 시사하는 소견으로 추가적인 장기 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Purpose: To document changes in the optical coherence biometry data over 1 year of Korean children aged 6 to 9 years with myopia and hyperopia. Methods: We used fluorescein angiography to retrospectively study changes in refractive errors over 1 year in 60 children who visited our hospital between December 2019 and June 2022. The IOL master 700 platform was used to derive axial length, corneal curvature (the K value), central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and the white-to-white size at 1-year intervals. The Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed-ranked tests were used to compare the values. A p-value < 0.05 was taken to indicate a significant difference. Results: The mean ages of hyperopic and myopic children were 6.27 ± 0.87 and 6.93 ± 0.87 years at initial presentation. Significant 1-year changes in axial length, anterior depth, and lens thickness were apparent. The mean corneal curvature, and central corneal and lens thicknesses were significantly higher in hyperopic than myopic children but the axial length and anterior chamber depth were significantly greater in myopic children. However, after 1 year, the lens thicknesses did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusions: Over 1 year of early life, changes in the mean corneal curvature and lens thickness were significant in hyperopic children and changes in the axial length and anterior depth were significant in myopic children. Thus, the eye growth pattern may differ between hyperopic and myopic children.
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