중등도 이하 소아 근시에서 안경과 각막굴절교정렌즈 착용이 안축장 성장에 미치는 영향 비교
Comparative Effect of Spectacles and Orthokeratology Lenses on Axial Elongation in Children with Mild‐to‐Moderate Myopia
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
목적: 중등도 이하 소아 근시에서 안경과 각막굴절교정렌즈(orthokeratology lens, OK) 착용이 안축장 성장에 미치는 영향 및 관련인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2013년부터 2015년까지 내원한 6세에서 13세 사이 -4.50디옵터 이하의 구면렌즈대응치를 가진 소아 100명을 대상으로 후향적으로 OK군(75안)과 안경군(64안) 간에 안축장 변화와 안축장과 관계된 인자들을 분석하였다. 결과: 안축장 변화는 1년째에 OK군이 0.24 ± 0.29 mm의 증가를, 안경군이 0.42 ± 0.20 mm의 증가를 보였으며, OK군에서 안경군에 비해 유의하게 안축장 성장이 억제되는 양상을 보였다(Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05). OK군에서 처음 착용한 나이만이 안축장 변화와 음의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다(Pearson's correlation, r=-0.481, p<0.05). 안경군에서는 처음 착용한 나이가 안축장 변화와 음의 상관관계(Pearson's correlation, r=-0.462, p<0.05)를, 그 외에 현성굴절검사의 초기 구면렌즈대응치 및 초기 구면렌즈값, 난시값은 안축장 변화와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 안축장 변화를 비교해 보았을 때 OK를 착용한 경우 6세 이상 9세 미만군(28안)에비해 9세 이상 13세 이하군(47안)에서 유의하게 안축장 성장이 더 억제되는 양상을 보였다(Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.05). 결론: OK 착용은 안경 착용에 비해 효과적으로 안축장의 성장을 억제할 수 있으며, 9세 이상 13세 이하의 소아에서도 효과적인 안축장 성장 억제가 가능하다.
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the effect on axial elongation and associated factors between spectacles and of orthokeratology lens (OK) wearing in children with mild to moderate myopia. Methods: A total of one hundred subjects, ranging in age from 6 to 13 years, and with mild to moderate myopia no more than -4.50 diopters in spherical equivalent, visited our clinic from 2013 to 2015. The OK group (75 eyes) and the spectacles group (64 eyes) were compared and analyzed on the axial elongation and associated factors. Results: In the OK group, axial length was elongated in 1 year period with a mean increase of 0.24 ± 0.29 mm. In spectacles group, axial length was elongated in 1 year period with a mean increase of 0.42 ± 0.20 mm. The statistically significant suppression of axial elongation was observed in OK group compared to the spectacles group (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.05). For OK group, the age of starting OK (Pearson's correlation, r = -0.481, p < 0.05) was the only influencing factor on axial elongation, which had negative correlation with axial elongation. In spectacles group, the age of starting spectacles had negative correlation with axial elongation (Pearson's correlation, r = -0.462, p < 0.05) and baseline spherical equivalent, spherical diopter, cylindrical diopter from manifest refraction had positive correlation with axial elongation. Comparison of axial elongation in orthokeratology lens group and spectacles group by age groups (6 to 9 years [28 eyes], 9 to 13 years [47 eyes]), 9 to 13 years of orthokeratology lens group had the stronger suppression of axial elongation (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The OK effectively suppresses axial elongation compared to the spectacles. Although the patients are in age from 9 to 13 years, the axial elongation was effectively suppressed.
참고문헌 (39)
- Holden BA, "Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050", Ophthalmology, 123, pp.1036~1042 (2016)
- Koh V, "Differences in prevalence of refractive errors in young asian males in Singapore between 1996‐1997 and 2009‐2010", Ophthalmic Epidemiol, 21, pp.247~255 (2014)
- Lee YY, "What factors are associated with myopia in young adults? A survey study in Taiwan Military Conscripts", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 54, pp.1026~1033 (2013)
- 정승일, "국민건강영양조사(2008-2012) 자료를 이용한 소아의 근시 진행 경향에 대한 분석", 대한안과학회지, 57(9), pp.1430~1434 (2016), 대한안과학회
- The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group, "Risk factors for idiopathic macular holes", Am J Ophthalmol, 118, pp.754~761 (1994)
- Mitchell P, "The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: the Blue Mountains Eye Study", Ophthalmology, 106, pp.2010~2015 (1999)
- Saw SM, "Myopia and associated pathological complications", Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 25, pp.381~391 (2005)
- Harper AR, "The dynamic sclera: extracellular matrix remodeling in normal ocular growth and myopia development", Exp Eye Res, 133, pp.100~111 (2015)
- Schwartz JT, "Results of a monozygotic cotwin control study on a treatment for myopia", Prog Clin Biol Res, 69, pp.249~258 (1981)
- Yen MY, "Comparison of the effect of atropine and cyclopentolate on myopia", Ann Ophthalmol, 21, pp.180~182 (1989)
- Shih YF, "Effects of different concentrations of atropine on controlling myopia in myopic children", J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 15, pp.85~90 (1999)
- Siatkowski RM, "Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1‐year, multicenter, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled parallel study", Arch Ophthalmol, 122, pp.1667~1674 (2004)
- Tan DT, "One‐year multicenter, doublemasked, placebo‐controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2%pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia", Ophthalmology, 112, pp.84~91 (2005)
- Jensen H., "Timolol maleate in the control of myopia. A preliminary report", Acta Ophthalmol Suppl (Oxf), 185, pp.128~129 (1988)
- Edwards MH, "The Hong Kong progressive lens myopia control study : study design and main findings", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 43, pp.2852~2858 (2002)
- Gwiazda J, "A randomized clinical trial of progressive addition lenses versus single vision lenses on the progression of myopia in children", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 44, pp.1492~1500 (2003)
- Walline JJ, "A randomized trial of the effects of rigid contact lenses on myopia progression", Arch Ophthalmol, 122, pp.1760~1766 (2004)
- Walline JJ, "Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children", Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 12, pp.CD004916~ (2011)[DOI]
- Nichols JJ, "Overnight orthokeratology", Optom Vis Sci, 77, pp.252~259 (2000)
- Swarbrick HA, "Corneal response to orthokeratology", Optom Vis Sci, 75, pp.791~799 (1998)
- 박영민, "가장자리 각막난시를 가진 근시 환자에서 난시 각막굴절교정 렌즈의 효과", 대한안과학회지, 56(7), pp.980~984 (2015), 대한안과학회
- 이성훈, "각막굴절교정학 렌즈를 이용한 소아 근시 교정 실패원인 분석", 대한안과학회지, 56(3), pp.317~322 (2015), 대한안과학회
- 김재령, "각막굴절교정학용 렌즈가 소아의 근시 진행에 미치는 영향", 대한안과학회지, 54(3), pp.401~407 (2013), 대한안과학회
- 이원희, "각막굴절교정학 콘택트렌즈가 근시 및 난시의 진행에 미치는 영향", 대한안과학회지, 52(11), pp.1269~1274 (2011), 대한안과학회
- Cheung SW, "Asymmetrical increase in axial length in the two eyes of a monocular orthokeratology patient", Optom Vis Sci, 81, pp.653~656 (2004)
- Cho P, "Retardation of myopia in Orthokeratology (ROMIO) study: a 2‐year randomized clinical trial", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 53, pp.7077~7085 (2012)
- Charman WN, "Peripheral refraction in orthokeratology patients", Optom Vis Sci, 83, pp.641~648 (2006)
- Cho P, "The longitudinal orthokeratology research in children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: a pilot study on refractive changes and myopic control", Curr Eye Res, 30, pp.71~80 (2005)
- Walline JJ, "Corneal reshaping and myopia progression", Br J Ophthalmol, 93, pp.2852~2858 (2009)
- Kakita T, "Influence of overnight orthokeratology on axial elongation in childhood myopia", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 52, pp.2170~2174 (2011)
- Edwards MH, "The development of myopia in Hong Kong children between the ages of 7 and 12 years: a five‐year longitudinal study", Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 19, pp.286~294 (1999)
- Jones LA, "Comparison of ocular component growth curves among refractive error groups in children", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 46, pp.2317~2327 (2005)
- Hyman L, "Relationship of age, sex, ethnicity with myopia progression and axial elongation in the correction of myopia evaluation trial", Arch Ophthalmol, 123, pp.977~987 (2005)
- Goss DA, "Progression of myopia in youth: age of cessation", Am J Optom Vis Sci, 83, pp.651~658 (1983)
- Hiraoka T, "Long‐term effect of overnight orthokeratology on axial length elongation in childhood myopia:a 5‐year follow‐up study", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 53, pp.3913~3919 (2012)
- Charm J, "High myopia‐partial reduction ortho‐k: a 2‐year randomized study", Optom Vis Sci, 90, pp.530~539 (2013)
- Fu AC, "Higher spherical equivalent refractive errors is associated with slower axial elongation wearing orthokeratology", Cont Lens Anterior Eye, 39, pp.62~66 (2016)
- Zhong Y, "Corneal power change is predictive of myopia progression in orthokeratology", Optom Vis Sci, 91, pp.404~411 (2014)
- Santodomingo‐Rubido J, "Factors preventing myopia progression with orthokeratology correction", Optom Vis Sci, 90, pp.1225~1236 (2013)
