기하학적 형태계측학을 이용한 조선시대 사람뼈 집단의 눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭 양상 연구
A Study of Bilateral Asymmetry Pattern in the Eye Orbit and Nose of the Joseon Dynasty Skeletal Group Using Geometric Morphometrics
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이 연구에서는 기하학적 형태계측학을 이용하여 조선시대 사람뼈 집단의 눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭 양상을분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 15세기에서 20세기 초반의 조선시대 고고학 유적에서 출토된 사람뼈 집단 (성인 남성38, 여성 38개체)이 이용되었다. 기하학적 형태계측학을 분석에 적용하기 위해 좌우 눈확에서 10개, 코에서 7개의 삼차원 좌표를 추출하였고 그 좌표들에서 형태 변이를 분석하였다. 통계적으로, 부분 최소 제곱 점수를 이용하여 다변량분산분석 (MANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭은 정중면이 아니라 가쪽의 계측점들에 의해 발생하였다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 눈확과 코 모두 오른쪽이 왼쪽보다 더 큰 비대칭의 형태를 띄었다. 하지만 눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭 방향은 서로 다르게 나타났는데 눈확의 계측점들은 주로 오른쪽, 코의 계측점들은 주로 왼쪽으로 치우쳐 있었다. 이러한눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭의 양상과 정도는 서로 통계적으로 유의한 상관 관계를 보여 주었다 (p<0.01). 기하학적 형태계측학을 이용한 이 연구의 결과는 눈확과 코의 좌우 비대칭 양상을 분석함으로써 눈확과 코를 이용한 한국인 머리뼈 좌우 비대칭의 대한 연구를 보충하고 좌우 비대칭이 발생하는 원인을 파악하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
In this study, the pattern of bilateral asymmetry in the eye orbit and nose of the Joseon Dynasty skeletal group was analyzed using geometric morphometrics. For this, 38 adult males and 38 adult females from the Joseon Dynasty skeletal group belonging to the 15th to early 20th centuries were examined. For geometric morphometric analysis, Procrustes superimposition was performed on 10 landmarks in both eye orbits and 7 nasal landmarks. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance with partial least square scores. In results, the lateral landmarks had more impact on the bilateral asymmetry in the eye orbit and nose than the center landmarks. The eye orbit and nose on the right side of the face seemed bigger than those of the left side, while the direction of asymmetry in the eye orbit and nose was different. The correlation between asymmetry patterns in the eye orbit and nose were statistically significant (p<0.01). The results of this study will be useful for examining causes of bilateral asymmetry in the eye orbits and noses of the Korean population.
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