후기산업사회에서 유럽복지국가의 사회정책 전략과 실업 및 빈곤의 양상에 관한 연구
A Study on social policy strategies and the modalities of unemployment and poverty of European welfare states in the postindustrial society
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본 논문에서는 후기산업사회에서 유럽복지국가들의 사회정책 전략의 내용을 구성해 보고자 하였다. 본 연구자가 고안한 '복지생산에서 우선되는 기준점'과 '신사회위기에 대한 대응 양식'이라는 2개의 기준틀을 가지고 복지국가에 대한 기존연구들에 기반하여 사회정책 전략의 내용을 재구성하였다. 사민주의 레짐의 전략의 내용은‘공공중심성 유지’와‘포섭전략’이었고, 자유주의 레짐의 전략은‘시장력 확대’와‘개인책임성 증대’였다. 보수주의 레짐에서는‘남성부양자 보호’에 대한 집착과‘소득유지 프로그램 중심’의 대처가 고수 되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 전략 내용의 차이들이 각 레짐의 실업과 빈곤에 어떻게 반영되는지를 실증적으로 살펴보았다. 사회정책 전략의 효과로 인해 보수주의 레짐은 높은 실업을 경험하고 있었고, 자유주의 레짐은 높은 빈곤 속에 처해 있었다. 사민주의 레짐은‘공공중심성 유지’와‘포섭전략’으로 인해 실업과 빈곤이 모두 낮은 매우 양호한 사회적 결과를 보여주었다.
Abstract
This study aims to configurate the contents of social policy strategies of European welfare states in the postindustrial society. The social policy strategy of the socialdemocratic regime consists of ‘maintenance of statecentrism' and 'inclusion'. The contents of social policy strategy of the liberal regime are 'expansion of market forces' and 'increase of individual’ self-responsibility'. The conservative regime adheres to the 'protection of male breadwinner; and 'income maintenance programs'. Due to these social policy strategies, the conservative regime has very high rate of unemployment. In the liberal regime, the high rate of poverty exists. In contrast, the socialdemocratic regime has low rates of unemployment and poverty and shows best social outcomes among the welfare regimes.
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