지역통합과 전략적 구성주의: 이론 및 비판적 고찰
Strategic Constructivism As A Theoretical Framework for Regional Integration
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이 연구는 구성주의와 전략적 접근법을 접목시켜 유럽통합을 설명하는 전략적 구성주의를 비판적으로 고찰한다. 전략적 구성주의는 기존의 공리적, 제도적, 이념적 접근 등 구조적 접근이 가지는 한계를 극복하고 유럽통합의 제2차 진전(1985-2005년)에 대해 정치 전략과 아이디어의 정치라는 개념을 통해 설득력 있는 설명을 제시한다. 하지만 전략적 구성주의는 구성주의 국제정치학의 장점을 제대로 살리는 데 실패함으로써 약점을 드러냈고,향후 전략이나 시간의 차원에서 보다 세밀한 분석 도구의 개발이 요청된다. 동아시아의경우 유럽의 분석 틀을 직접 적용하기는 곤란하지만, 약간의 변용을 통해 유럽에서 초국가세력으로서 집행위원회가 담당했던 전략적 역할을 한국과 같은 중간 규모와 위상의 국가가 수행할 수 있다는 간접적 결론을 도출해 낼 수 있다.
Abstract
This article critically examines strategic constructivism as a theoretical framework for regional integration. First, strategic constructivism has dealt successfully with the limits of utilitarian, institutional, and ideational approaches and proposes a persuasive explanation for the second wave of European integration from 1985 to 2005, using concepts such as the political strategy and the politics of ideas. Nevertheless, it fails to fully exploit the constructivist theoretical contributions such as the long term perspective, the politics of identity and the dynamic dimension of integration. Further conceptual refinements in the strategic and time analysis seem necessary. It is difficult to apply directly this European framework to East Asia, but with some minor adaptations, we can draw the conclusion that middle powers such as South Korea can play the role of strategic actor in elaborating a political strategy for East Asian integration.
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