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배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성의 특성: 가해남성, 피해여성과의 비교

The Characteristics of Maritally Violent Women: Comparisons with Male Offenders and Female Victims

허인영|전인지|장희숙
한국사회복지연구회 (Korean Association For Social Welfare Studies)|2014.12|사회복지연구 (Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies)|제45권 제4호|pp. 295-323|DOI 10.16999/kasws.2014.45.4.295

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참고문헌

키워드

가정폭력domestic violence배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성여성 가해자의 특성maritally violent womancharacteristics of female offenders
주제분류사회복지학

초록

본 연구는 배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성들의 특성을 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 가해여성들은 가해남성, 피해여성 집단과 비교해서 어떤 측면에서 다른지, 특정 성격특질이나 임상증후를 나타내는지 확인해 보았다. 조사대상자는 부부폭력으로 검찰이나 법원의 처분을 받거나 가해자 상담프로그램에 참여한 79명 가해여성과 145명 가해남성, 그리고 쉼터에 거주하거나 피해자 상담을 받은 123명 피해여성들로 총 347명이다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 폭력행동의 정도와 빈도에 있어서 가해여성과 가해남성 집단의 유의미한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 그러나 배우자의 폭력으로 인한 피해는 가해여성들이 훨씬 높은 것으로 드러났다. 더욱이 가해여성과 피해여성의 심각한 신체적 폭력 피해와 상해 수준은 크게 다르지 않았다. 둘째, 다항로지스틱 회귀모형에 따르면, 여성 가해자들은 남성 가해자들보다 트라우마 증상과 스트레스가 더 심한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 반면 남성들은 알코올 의존과 폭력을 허용하는 태도에서 더 높은 수치를 기록하고 있다. 배우자와 함께 동거하는 비율은 가해여성 집단에서 높게 나타난다. 한편 피해여성 집단과 비교하면, 가해여성들은 폭력허용도가 높고 과거 가정폭력 처벌경험이 더 많았다. 피해여성들은 두려움 수준이 월등히 높고, 아동기 성폭력 피해를 더 많이 경험한 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 성격특질 및 임상증후군들에서 세 집단의 평균점수를 살펴보면, 대부분의 특질들이 일반 기준치를 나타내고 있었다. 회귀모형은 가해여성들이 가해남성들에 비해 히스테리성과 강박적 성향이 강하고, 우울성이 낮다고 밝히고 있다. 그러나 피해여성들과의 비교에서는 유의미하게 차이가 나는 변수들을 찾지 못했다. 이러한 결과들을 기초로 배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성들에 대한 실천적 방안이 제시되었다.

Abstract

This study examined the characteristics of women who use violence against their spouses. More specifically, the present study investigated what makes these females different from others, what particular personality traits they have as well as what clinical symptoms are found by comparing them to groups of male offenders and female victims. The study covered a total of 347 subjects consisting of 79 female offenders and 145 male offenders from all around the nation who received legal punishment or participated in batterer counseling programs; and 123 abused women who were receiving services from shelters or have undergone counseling. The findings are summarized as follows. First, regarding the degree and frequency of violent behavior, no significant differences were observed between female and male offenders. Female offenders experienced physical violence, psychological violence and injuries more frequently than the males do. Moreover, not very significant differences were observed in victimization in terms of the frequency of severe physical violence and the level of injury between female offenders and female victims. Second, multinominal logistic regression results showed that female offenders suffered more from traumatic symptoms and stress than male offenders. On the other hand, the males record higher figures in connection with alcohol dependency and an accepting attitude towards the use of violence. Also, female offenders tend to live with their partners compared to male batterers. Comparing to the group of abused women, female offenders were more likely to accept the violence and have experienced more legal punishments related to domestic violence in the past. Women who were battered showed a higher degree of fear and history of childhood sexual victimization experience than female offenders. Third, in terms of the mean scores regarding personality traits and clinical symptoms, most traits satisfied general standards. Based on the logistic model, the female offenders showed a stronger tendency of having histrionic and compulsive symptoms than the male offenders. These women also recorded lower levels of depression compared to the abusive men. However, there were no personality related variables that distinguished the female offenders and the abused women. Based on the study's findings, practical implications were suggested to improve the effectiveness of intervention for abusive wives.

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