배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는여성의 유형
The Typology of Women Who Use Violence in Intimate Relationships
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초록
본 연구는 배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성들의 유형은 어떠하며, 각 유형은 서로 어떻게 다른지 조사하였다. 조사대상자는 부부폭력으로 법의 처벌을 받거나 행위자프로그램에 참여한 67명 여성들이다. 유형을 분류하기 위해 두 가지 방식을 채택하였다. 하나는 군집분석이고 다른 하나는 폭력의 가해와 피해를 비교한 분석이다. 군집분석 결과, 두 하위유형이 도출되었다. 유형1은 배우자에게만 폭력을 사용하며, 폭력 행사 및 피해 수준이 낮은 집단으로 표본의 대부분(78%)을 차지한다. 유형2는 본인의 폭력성이나 남편에 의한 폭력의 피해가 높은 집단으로, 사회기술, 정신건강, 성격특질 변수들에서 더 부정적인 수치를 보였다. 폭력의 가해행위와 피해를 비교한 분석에서는 피해자(78%), 공격-대응(12%), 통제-대응(10%)의 세 유형이 발견되었다. 피해자 유형은 남편이 아내보다 심각한 신체적 폭력과 억압적 통제를 더 많이 사용한 집단이다. 억압적 통제 수치는 양쪽 커플이 비슷하나 남편보다 신체적 폭력을 더 사용한 여성은 공격-대응형에 속한다. 통제-대응 유형은 아내는 억압적 통제, 남편은 신체적 폭력을 더 많이 행사한 집단이다. 이러한 결과들을 기초로 배우자에게 폭력을 행사하는 여성에 대한 정책적, 실천적 방안이 제시되었다.
Abstract
This study examined the subtypes of women who use violence against their spouses, and explored the differences among them. The study covered a total of 67 subjects who received legal punishment or participated in batterer counseling programs. In order to identify the various subtypes of female offenders, the present study used two different analysis methods. The first was a cluster analysis; the second was the comparison of violent acts and the victimization of husband's violence. The results of the cluster analysis revealed that females who use violence against their spouses were categorized into two types. Type1 women were violent only against their husbands, and demonstrated lower levels of violence and victimization. The majority of the samples belong to Type1(78%). Type2 women included those who used a higher level of violence as well as those who were abused excessively by their husbands. The women in Type2 produced more negative scores than Type1 in relation to social skills, mental health, and personality trait variables. In the comparison analysis of aggressive behavior and victimization of violence, three types of female offenders were generated: Victim types(78%), Aggressive-response types(12%), and Coercive control-response types(10%). The victim type is used when a partner has used more severe physical violence and coercion against her than she against him. In cases in which the couple's use of coercion was equivalent, but the woman's use of physical violence was greater than the partner's, they belonged to the aggressive-response type. Women in the coercive control type used more coercion than their husband, but her partner used much higher levels of physical violence. Based on the study's findings, policy and practical implications were discussed.
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