탐색적·확인적 요인분석을 통한 한국형 디지털 시민성 척도 타당화 연구
A Validation Study on the Korean Digital Citizenship Scale through Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis
0
조회
0
다운로드
48
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 미국에서 진행된 디지털 시민성 척도 개발 후속 연구로, 한국의 정치·사회·문화적 상황에 맞는 디지털 시민성 척도를 개발하고 이를 바탕으로 한국 시민성 교육의 발전 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 Choi(2015)가 개발한 문항들을 한국 상황에 맞게 번역하고 수정하여 한국 대학생을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 주축요인추출법을 이용한 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여, 한국형 디지털 시민성 척도는 총 23개 문항, 5요인 요인구조(인터넷 정치 참여, 기술적 인터넷 활용 능력, 비판적 관점, 온라인 상 의사소통 및 협업, 지역사회 및 글로벌 쟁점에 대한 민감도)를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 척도의 신뢰도는 양호한 수준이었으며 인터넷 효능감과 인터넷 불안 척도와의 상관분석을 통해 디지털 시민성 척도의 공인타당도 역시 입증되었다. 또한 확인적 요인분석을 통해 디지털 시민성 척도의 5요인 구조 모형의 구인타당도 역시 적절하다고 밝혀졌다. 디지털 시민성은 다차원적인 구조로 이루어져 있으며 기존의 전통적·비판적 접근의 시민성 개념 속에서 함께 이해되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. 특히 한국 시민성 교육에서는, 21세기 인터넷 시대에 맞는 시민을 육성하기 위해 지역사회 및 글로벌 쟁점에 대해서 좀 더 민감하게 반응하고 이해도가 높은 국제 이해 교육이 요구됨을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract
As a follow-up study of the development of a digital citizenship scale conducted in the United States, the purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid Korean digital citizenship scale and examine the direction of citizenship education in Korea. The digital citizenship scale items that Choi (2015) developed were translated based on social, political and cultural characteristics of Korea, and collected data from Korean undergraduate students. Exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring was used and then a 23-item five factor model was extracted: 1) Internet Political Activism, 2) Technical Skills, 3) Critical Perspective, 4) Collaboration and Communication, 5) Local/Global Awareness. The scale had good reliability and construct validity evidenced by significant correlations with Internet self-efficacy and Internet anxiety scales. The five factor model was also cross-validated through confirmatory factor analysis. Digital citizenship was a multi-dimensional and multi-layered concept and needs to be understood in relation to exiting conceptions of citizenship such as traditional and critical citizenship. More importantly Korean digital citizenship education needs global education, which encourages students to be aware of global issues.
참고문헌 (50)
- 김은미, "‘디지털 네이티브’의 시민성", 한국언론학보, 57(1), pp.305~334 (2013), 한국언론학회
- 노형진, "SPSS를 활용한 주성분분석과 요인분석" (2014), 한올출판사
- 박기범, "디지털 시대의 시민성 탐색", 한국초등교육, 25(4), pp.33~46 (2014), 초등교육연구원
- 안정임, "청소년의 디지털 시민성에 관한 연구 : 미디어 리터러시와 교육경험의 영향력을 중심으로", 시민교육연구, 45(2), pp.161~191 (2013), 한국사회과교육학회
- Abowitz, K. K., "Contemporary discourses of citizenship", Review of Educational Research, 76(4), pp.653~690 (2006)
- Banaji, S., "The Civic web : Young people, the Internet, and civic participation" (2013), MIT Press
- Banks, J. A., "Diversity, group identity, and citizenship education in a global age", Educational Researcher, 37(3), pp.129~139 (2008)
- Bennett, W. L., "Young citizens and civic learning : Two paradigms of citizenship in the digital age", Citizenship Studies, 13(2), pp.105~120 (2009)
- Bennett, L., "Citizenship through online communication", Social Education, 70(3), pp.144~ (2006)
- Berson, I. R., "Digital literacy for effective citizenship", Social Education, 67(3), pp.164~167 (2003)
- Castles, S., "Citizenship and migration: Globalization and the politics of belonging", pp.1~25 (2000), Routledge
- Choi, M., "Development of a scale to measure digital citizenship among young adults for democratic citizenship education", 박사, pp.2015
- Coleman, S., "Digital voices and analogue citizenship : Bridging the gap between young people and the democratic process", Public Policy Research, 13(4), pp.257~261 (2006)
- "Digital literacy and citizenship in the 21st century" (2009)[URL]
- Costello, A. B., "Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis", Practical Assessment Research & Evaluation, 10(7) (2005)
- Cristol, D., "Handbook of mobile teaching and learning" (2015), Springer Publishing
- Crowe, A. R., "Technology, citizenship, and the social studies classroom : Education for democracy in a technological age", International Journal of Social Education, 21(1), pp.111~121 (2006)
- Determining, developing, and assessing the capabilities of “future-ready” students, "Dede, C.", Harvard University, ~, pp.Friday Institute White Paper Series, Number Two (2009)
- De Marco, S., "Digital skills as a conditioning factor for digital political participation", The European Journal of Communication Research, 39(1), pp.43~65 (2014)
- "Digital citizen" (2011)[URL]
- Felt, L. J., "Explore locally, excel digitally: A participatory learning after-school program for enriching citizenship on-and offline", The Journal of Media Literacy Education, 4(3), pp.213~228 (2012)
- Fischman, G. E., "Beyond idealized citizenship education embodied cognition, metaphors, and democracy", Review of Research in Education, 36(1), pp.169~196 (2012)
- Friedman, A., "Technology in retrospect: Social studies in the information age 1984-2009", pp.51~74 (2010), Information Age Publishing
- Goode, L., "Cultural citizenship online : the Internet and digital culture", Citizenship Studies, 14(5), pp.527~542 (2010)
- Greenhow, C., "A new concept of citizenship for the digital age", Learning &Leading with Technology, 37(6), pp.24~25 (2010)
- d'Haenens, L., "Digital citizenship among ethnic minority youths in the Netherlands and Flanders", New Media & Society, 9(2), pp.278~299 (2007)
- Hermes, J., "Citizenship in the Age of the Internet", European Journal of Communication, 21(3), pp.295~309 (2006)
- Hollandsworth, R., "Digital citizenship in K-12 : It takes a village", TechTrends, 55(4), pp.37~47 (2011)
- "ISTE standards teachers. International Society for Technology in Education" (2008)[URL]
- Kahne, J., "The civic and political significance of online participatory cultures among youth transitioning to adulthood", Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 10(1), pp.1~20 (2013)
- Kim, Y., "Beyond search and communication : Development and validation of the Internet Self-efficacy Scale(ISS)", Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), pp.1421~1429 (2013)
- Lenhart, A., "Writing, technology and teens" (2008), Pew Internet & American Life Project
- Lomax, R. G., "A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling" (2012), Routledge Academic
- "The path to digital citizenship" (2011)[URL]
- Marshall, T. H, "Class, citizenship, and social development: Essays of T. H. Marshall" (1964), Greenwood
- Merryfield, M.M., "The Social studies curriculum: purposes, problems, and possibilities (3rd ed.)", pp.283~296 (2006), State University of New York Press
- Min, S. J., "From the digital divide to the democratic divide : Internet skills, political interest, and the second-level digital divide in political internetuse", Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 7(1), pp.22~35 (2010)
- Mossberger, K., "Toward digital citizenship: Addressing inequality in the information age", Routledge handbook of Internet politics, pp.173~185 (2009)
- Mossberger, K., "Digital Citizenship" (2008), MIT Press
- Nebel, M., "Students as digital citizens on Web 2. 0", Social Studies and the Young Learner, 21(4), pp.5~7 (2009)
- Ohler, J., "Digital citizenship means character education for the digital age", Education Digest : Essential Readings Condensed for Quick Review, 77(8), pp.14~17 (2012)
- Ong, A., "Cultural citizenship as subject-making : Immigrants negotiate racial and cultural boundaries in the United States", Current Anthropology, 37(5), pp.737~762 (1996)
- Pajnik, M., "Citizenship and mediated society", Citizenship studies, 9(4), pp.349~367 (2005)
- Reinard, J., "Communication research statistics" (2006), Sage
- Ribble M., "Digital citizenship : Addressing appropriate technology behavior", Learning & Leading with Technology, 32(1), pp.6~11 (2004)
- Rodgers, B. L., "Concept development in nursing: foundations, techniques, and applications", pp.77~102 (1993), Saunders
- Robb, M., "Promoting digital citizenship and academic integrity in technology classroom", Education, 38(3), pp.353~359 (2013)
- Shelley, M., "Digital citizenship : parameters of the digital divide", Social Science Computer Review, 22(2), pp.256~269 (2004)
- Simsek, E., "New literacies for digital citizenship", Contemporary Educational Technology, 4(2), pp.126~137 (2013)
- Spielberger, C. D., "Stress and anxiety Vol. 7", pp.95~109 (1980), Hemisphere