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신체활동의 환경적 사회적 요인 평가

Determinants of physical activity in environmental and social factor : A review

강보미|조정환
한국체육측정평가학회 (Korean Society For Measurement And Evaluation In Physical Education And Sports Science)|2009.12|한국체육측정평가학회지 (The Korean Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sports Science)|제11권 제3호|pp. 87-104|DOI 10.21797/ksme.2009.11.3.008

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참고문헌

키워드

physical activityecological modelsocial and environmental factor

초록

개인의 신체활동 수준을 변화 증진시키기 위해서는 개인 차원의 지식정보, 동기유발, 시간관리 등 뿐 아니라 주변의 도움, 직장, 거주환경 개선 등 포괄적인 신체활동 친화적 환경이 구축되어야 한다. 이 연구는 신체활동의 개념적 근거로서 생태적 모형을 바탕으로 거시적 외적요인으로서 사회적 환경적 요인의 개념 구조를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 관련 주제에 대한 주요 선행연구 사례를 종합하여 구성 개념의 차원과 내용을 이해하고, 신체활동 중재 프로그램에 활용할 수 있는 이론적 토대와 환경적 사회적 요인의 측정 및 평가방법의 틀을 제안하였다. 개인의 신체활동은 개인적 사회적 환경적 요인간의 상호작용에 의해 결정된다. 사회적 요인에는 사회적 지지와 네트워크, 사회경제적 지위, 이웃환경, 사회적 응집력 등이 주 요소로 포함된다. 환경적 요인에는 물리적 환경, 사회문화적 환경, 정책적 경제적 환경, 직장과 교육 및 공공기관의 환경이 포함된다. 개인은 가정과 지역사회에, 지역사회는 환경과 정책 등에 내재된 구조를 가진다. 사회적 환경적 요인들이 건강관련 행동에 미치는 경로구조를 밝히기 위한 다층적 자료분석 방법에 대한 이해와 적용이 필요하며, 각 지표들에 대한 표준화된 측정절차 개발 연구가 선행되어야 한다.

Abstract

Relationships between environmental conditions and health-related behaviors have been recognized in behavioral medicine science models and theories and generally supported by empirical evidence. Also influence of social environmental factors in now widely recognized in health behavior research. Research has shown that many health behaviors are determined by not only individual-level factors, but also social environmental characteristics. These physical and social environmental characteristics can be measured at the interpersonal level, ecological level, or both. Multilevel methods are specifically geared toward the statistical analysis of data that have nested structures and sources of variability at multiple levels. Increasing the specificity of terminology and methods in physical and social environmental research on physical activity will enable more systematic inquiry and accelerate the rate of scientific discovery in this important area.

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