이진상(李震相)의 춘추학(春秋學)에 보이는 화이관(華夷觀)의 특징(1)

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the interpretation of Lee Jin-sang (李震相) related to the "Sino–barbarian dichotomy (華夷)" in Chunqiu(Spring and Autumn Annals) and reveal its characteristics. Lee Jin-Sang understood the idea of Chunqiu's Sino–barbarian dichotomy in two aspects: theoretical principle and realistic transformation. In this paper, I intensively explored two details under the theme of the theoretical principle of the idea on Sino–barbarian dichotomy. First, the discernment (分別) of the "Sino–barbarian dichotomy" and exclusivity towards the barbarians. In Chunqiu, the strict discernment of China (中華) and barbarians (夷狄) was basically taken as its great cause (大義) and both were perceived as a relationship of contradiction that could never coexist. As a result, the entry of barbarians into China was strictly blocked, and no form of interaction with barbarians was tolerated. Second, the criterion of discernment of Sino–barbarian dichotomy and its collapse. Chunqiu tried to secure the legitimacy of its great cause by presenting an objective criterion that distinguishes China from the barbarians, that is, the sense of ethics represented by courtesy (禮義). However, as the phenomenon of becoming barbarian (夷狄化) of Chinese states accelerated, the perception that China is a world (天下) based on courtesy and ethics(倫理) began to crumble. Furthermore, due to internal divisions, China lost its ability to correct the chaos on its own, thus Chunqiu sought to alter the idea on Sino-barbarian dichotomy to make it realistically applicable.