전자민주주의에 있어 전자투표에 관한 연구:전자투표의 한계극복을 위한 e-리더십의 제고
E-Democracy Research on Electronic Voting: Enhancement of E-Leadership for Overcoming the Limitations of the Electronic Voting
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ICTs 환경의 변화와 기술의 진보는 전자민주주의라는 새로운 민주주의 방식으로의 변화를 가져왔다. 전자민주주의는 좁은 의미로 전자투표(e-voting)를 지칭하게 되며 전자민주주의 핵심이라고 할 수 있다. 2012년 야당들에서는 비례대표선출과 대선후보 경선과정에서 전자투표를 실시하였다. 하나는 인터넷기반 PC투표였고 또 다른 경우는 모바일 투표에 해당하였다. 두 선거에서 현장투표와 전자투표를 병행하였지만 온라인 투표에서의 문제점은 두 사례에서 모두 드러났다. 사실여부 등을 떠나 기술적 결함과 함께 전자투표의 초기단계에서 보여줄 수 있는 기본적인 문제점들이 나타났지만 해외의 사례에서 보듯이 전자민주주의에는 토의(deliberation)의 장이 언제나 형성되어 있어야 하고 IT진보에 따라 변화하는 조직구조를 조정할 수 있는 e-리더십이 요구되는 시점에 오게 되었다. 본 연구는 국내외 경우에 나타나는 전자투표의 문제점들을 나열하고 후에는 축약하여 토의가 수행되어야 하는 방향과 더불어 필요한 e-리더들의 역할에 대하여 조명해 보았다.
Abstract
Advances in technology and changes in the ICTs' environment brought about a transformation of the new democratic way of e-democracy. E-democracy in the narrow sense refers to the electronic voting which is at the core of e-democracy. In 2012, the opposition parties carried out the electronic voting in the elected proportional representation and presidential nomination process. The former was PC-based Internet e-voting, the latter the mobile voting. While site voting and electronic voting in the two elections were used in parallel, the problem of the online voting revealed in both cases. Technical defects and basic problems in the early stages of the e-voting system appeared at the same time. To overcome the limitations of the electronic voting, discussion and deliberation should always be formed and e-leadership is necessary to adjust the organizational structure changed with ICTs' environment. In this study, the problems appeared when the domestic and international electronic voting are listed and the role required of the e-leader as well as the direction of the deliberation that need to be performed are highlighted.
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