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전자정부가 공공데이터 개방의 성과에 미치는 영향: 사회･제도적 조절변수를 중심으로

Moderating effects of socio-institutional contexts on the outcome of Open Government Data policies: An International Analysis

황주성
한국지역정보화학회 (The Korean Association For Regional Information Society)|2015.06|한국지역정보화학회지 (JOURNAL OF KOREAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL INFORMATION SOCIETY)|제18권 제2호|pp. 1-28|DOI 10.22896/karis.2015.18.2.001

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참고문헌

키워드

Web 2.0웹2.0전자정부e-Government공공데이터 개방Government 2.0거번먼트 2.0오픈 거번먼트Open Government Data(OGD)

초록

본 논문의 목적은 공공데이터 개방의 국가별 성과에 영향을 주는 사회･제도적 조절변수의 효과를 확인하는데 있다. 전자정부라는 기술기반적 요인으로 완전히 설명되지 않는 부분을 세 가지 사회･제도적 상황요인이 - 정부투명성, 친기업･친효율성, 정치참여성 - 유의미하게 설명하는지를 밝히고자 한다. 분석의 대상은 총 75개국으로 WWW재단의 2013년도 ODB지수를 종속변수로 사용하였다. 독립변수와 조절변수는 UN공공행정네트워크(UNPAN)와 세계경제포럼(WEF), 프리덤하우스(FH) 등의 관련지표들 중에서 선정하였다. 분석결과, 전자정부서비스 지수가 공공데이터 개방성과에 미치는 영향은 정치참여성에 의해 유의미하게 조절되는 것으로 나타났다. 정치참여성이 높은 국가 그룹에서는 전자정부 수준이 높을수록 데이터 개방의 성과도 높지만, 낮은 국가그룹의 경우 두 변수의 관련성이 낮다는 것이다. 한 국가의 공공데이터 개방이 성과를 내기 위해서는 전자정부를 통해 구축된 데이터 기반이 출발점이지만, 해당 사회가 경험하고 축적해온 정치참여의 역량이 중요한 조절변수가 된다는 것이다. 공공데이터 개방의 성공을 위해서는 시민의 적극적이고 주도적인 참여를 이끌어내기 위한 정책적 노력이 더욱 더 필요하다고 하겠다.

Abstract

This paper aims to find out if the socio-institutional contexts such as government accountability, political participation and business-friendliness moderate the influence of e-Government level on the accomplishment of Open Government Data(OGD) policies. An empirical analyses on the Open Data Barometers of WWW foundation was carried out on data from 75 countries over the world. Political participation was proved to have a significant moderating effect. And, it was also supported that the effect is significant with implementation sub-index and impact sub-index while it is not valid with readiness index. This means that the success of OGD is not merely dependent on the technical endowment such as electronic systems and government data-sets. It is also dependent on the effects of social and institutional contexts. More efforts should be concerted to derive proactive participation from the 'citizen-participants' and public officers to get the valuable transformative effect of Open Government Data policies.

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