주요어 추출방식을 활용한 텍스트 분석 기반 한국 성인의 스트레스 경험목록과 우울 및 불안과의 관계
Stress Experiences of Korean Adults based on Text Analysis Using Keyword Tagging and its Relationship with Depression and Anxiety
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초록
본 연구는 주요어 추출방식을 활용한 텍스트 분석을 기반으로 한국 성인의 스트레스 경험목록을 추출하고 생성된 스트레스 경험과 우울 및 불안과의 관계를 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 대한민국에 거주하는 성인을 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 실시하였고 지난 일 년간 경험한 스트레스 사건과 평생 동안 경험한 스트레스 사건을 서술형으로 응답하도록 하였다. 이 중 한 개 이상의 스트레스 사건을 보고한 참여자가 연구에 포함되었다. 분석 절차는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 응답된 스트레스 사건에 하나 이상의 주요어를 코딩하였다. 둘째, 단일 주요어 또는 주요어의 조합을 기반으로 스트레스 사건을 범주화하고 스트레스 사건 목록을 생성하였다. 셋째, 생성된 스트레스 사건 목록에 대한 빈도분석을 통해 한국 성인이 많이 경험하는 스트레스 사건을 규명하였다. 넷째, 랜덤포레스트 분석을 사용하여 생성된 스트레스 사건을 통해 우울과 불안을 예측하였다. 연구 결과, 총 33개의 스트레스 사건목록이 생성되었다. 사건목록 중 한국 성인 집단에서 경험 빈도가 높았던 사건은 가족 관련 스트레스, 직장, 건강, 취업/진로 순으로 나타났다. 우울을 예측하는 데 중요하게 사용된 스트레스 사건은 사회적 차별/소외, 돌봄 스트레스, 그리고 가족의 직장 관련 사건 순이었으며, 불안을 예측하는 데 중요하게 사용된 스트레스 사건은 학대/폭력/성범죄, 취업, 가족 스트레스 사건 순이었다. 본 연구 결과는 코로나 시대의 한국인의 스트레스 경험을 목록화하고 우울 및 불안과 관련이 높은 한국 특정적인 스트레스 사건을 규명하였다는 데 의의가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the stress experiences of Korean adults by employing text analysis using the keyword tagging method and to investigate the relationship between these stress experiences and the presence of depression or anxiety. An online survey was conducted for community adults residing in South Korea. Participants were asked to describe their stress experiences over the past year and lifetime, and those reporting at least one stress experience were included. Firstly, one or more keywords were coded for each stress experience. Secondly, a list of 33 stress experiences was identified by categorizing events based on the keywords or combinations of the keywords. Thirdly, the frequency of stress experiences was analyzed by gender and age group. Lastly, random forest analysis was employed to examine the relationship between the stress experiences and the presence of depression or anxiety. Among the identified stress experiences, social discrimination/isolation, caregiving stress, and family’s work-related stress emerged as important factors associated with depression. Abuse/violence/sexual crime, employment, and family stress were identified as important factors associated with anxiety. This study sheds light on the stress experiences of Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights stressors specifically linked to the presence of depression and anxiety.
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