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한국 성인의 트라우마 유형과 심리적 증상

Types of Trauma and Psychological Symptoms of Korean Adults

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키워드

주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 성인이 경험하는 외상사건과 그에 따른 심리적 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 20대에서 50대 성인 1,066명 중 가장 고통스러운 외상사건을 보고한 815명의 자료를 분석하였다. 먼저, 연구참여자가 보고한 외상사건을 DSM-5 내 PTSD 진단기준에 따라 진단기준을 충족하는 진단기준사건과 충족하지 못하는 비진단기준사건으로 분류하고 그 빈도를 확인한 결과, ‘그 밖의 매우 심각한 스트레스 사건이나 경험’, ‘교통사고’, ‘신체적 폭행’ 순으로 높게 나타났다. 둘째, PCL-5 척도를 기준으로 PTSD 증상 조건비율을 산출한 결과, 진단기준사건 중 조건비율이 가장 높은 사건은 ‘원하지 않았거나 불편한 성적 경험’, ‘목숨이 좌우될 정도의 질병이나 부상’, ‘교통사고’ 순이었으며, 비진단기준사건 중 조건비율이 높은 사건은 ‘정서적 학대 또는 방임’, ‘심각한 경제적 위기나 경제적 어려움’, ‘심각한 스트레스를 야기하는 실패와 절망’ 순이었다. 셋째, 각 외상사건별로 사건충격강도를 계산한 결과, ‘기타 원하지 않았거나 불편했던 성적 경험’, ‘정서적 학대 또는 방임’, ‘심각한 경제적 위기나 경제적 어려움’ 순으로 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 성인의 PTSD 증상수준에 연령, 혼인상태, 자녀유무가 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점과 추후 연구에 대한 제언을 논하였다.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate traumatic events their psychological impact on Korean adults. Among 1,066 adults, those who reported the most painful event(n=815) were analyzed. Traumatic events were classified as ‘diagnostic criteria’ and ‘non-diagnostic criteria’ based on DSM-5. The most frequent events reported were ‘very stressful experiences’ ‘transportation accidents’, and ‘physical assaults’. Among diagnostic criteria events, ‘other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experiences’ had the highest conditional probability of PTSD symptoms, while ‘emotional abuse or neglect’ had the highest conditional probability among non-diagnostic criteria events. ‘Other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experiences’ had the strongest impact strength compared to other traumatic events. Age, marital status, and presence of children significantly affected PTSD symptoms. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

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