본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

COVID-19 상황에서의 우울, 불안, 회복탄력성, 주관적 안녕감에 대한 잠재프로파일분석

A Latent Profile Analysis of Depression, Anxiety, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being in Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

0

조회

0

다운로드

2

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구는 국내 거주 중인 성인을 대상으로 COVID-19 상황 속에서 우울, 불안, 회복탄력성, 주관적 안녕감이 몇 개의 잠재계층으로 분류되는지를 확인하고 각 계층이 감염에 대한 두려움과 지각된 위험에 의해 유의하게 분류되는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구에는 509명의 성인이 참여하였으며 분석에는 잠재프로파일분석과 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석이 사용되었다. 분석의 주요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 연구의 참여자는 총 3개의 잠재계층으로 분류되었다. 둘째, 우울, 불안이 가장 높고 회복탄력성과 주관적 안녕감이 가장 낮은 계층은 전체 참여자의 8.7%가 속하는 것으로 나타났고, 우울, 불안이 가장 낮고 회복탄력성과 주관적 안녕감이 가장 높은 계층은 전체 참여자의 61.6%가 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 각 잠재계층을 구분함에 있어 감염에 대한 두려움과 지각된 위험이 유의한 설명력을 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과는 COVID-19 및 향후 발생할 수 있는 미래 전염병 상황에서의 개인의 부정 정서를 다루고, 회복탄력성과 주관적 안녕감을 높이기 위한 개입을 구상할 때 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언이 논의되었다.

Abstract

This study examines the number of latent classes among adults based on depression, anxiety, resilience, and subjective well-being. Further, the present study investigates whether each latent class would be significantly classified with the fear of infection and perceived risk during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 509 adults participated in this study. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis were conducted. The main results of the analysis are as follows. First, participants were classified into three latent classes. Second, 8.7% of all participants who exhibited the highest levels of depression and anxiety also indicated, the lowest levels of resilience and subjective well-being. Furthermore, 61.6% of all participants who exhibited the lowest levels of depression and anxiety also showed, the highest levels of resilience and subjective well-being. Third, in classifying each latent class, fear of infection and perceived risk had significant effects. The findings of this study help to identify high-risk individuals vulnerable to negative emotions such as depression and anxiety related to COVID-19. Developing interventions to improve resilience and subjective well-being is necessary to prepare for similar situations in the future. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for future studies, are discussed.

참고문헌 (78)

  1. 박상미, "코로나바이러스감염증-19 대유행이 정신건강에 미치는 영향", 보건교육건강증진학회지, 37(5), pp.83~91 (2020), 한국보건교육건강증진학회[DOI]
  2. "국내 발생 현황" (2022)[URL]
  3. 안혜령, "대학생이 지각하는 일상에 미치는 코로나19 영향이 우울․불안․스트레스에 미치는 영향: 심리적 안녕감과 인지적 유연성의 순차매개효과", 인간발달연구, 29(1), pp.101~126 (2022), 한국인간발달학회[DOI]
  4. 이동훈, "메르스(MERS) 감염에 대해 일반대중이 경험한 두려움과 정서적 디스트레스에 관한 탐색적 연구", 한국심리학회지:일반, 35(2), pp.355~383 (2016), 한국심리학회[DOI]
  5. 이동훈, "코로나바이러스(COVID-19) 감염에 대한 일반대중의 두려움과 심리, 사회적 경험이 우울, 불안에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 32(4), pp.2119~2156 (2020), 한국상담심리학회[DOI]
  6. 정윤주, "코로나바이러스감염증-19(COVID-19)의 장기화에 따른 부정적 정서가 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향: 낙관성의 매개효과", 학습자중심교과교육연구, 21(21), pp.35~45 (2021), 학습자중심교과교육학회
  7. 최지영, "증상에 기반한 우울증의 하위 유형: MMPI-2-RF의 특정문제척도에 대한 잠재프로파일분석", Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(3), pp.287~299 (2019), 한국임상심리학회
  8. 최홍석, "주요우울장애의 선별 도구로서 한국판 Patient Health Questionnaire- 9의 표준화", Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 28(2), pp.114~119 (2007), 대한가정의학회
  9. "코로나바이러스감염증19 3차 국민정신건강실태조사" (2020)[URL]
  10. 허명회, "SAS회귀분석" (1996), 자유아카데미
  11. Akaike, H., "Factor analysis and AIC", Psychometrika, 52(3), pp.317~332 (1987)
  12. Asparouhov, T., "Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Three-step approaches using M plus", Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(3), pp.329~341 (2014)
  13. Asparouhov, T., "Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Using the BCH method in Mplus to estimate a distal outcome model and an arbitrary secondary model", Mplus Web Notes, 21(2), pp.1~22 (2014)
  14. Bakioğlu, F., "Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(6), pp.2369~2382 (2021)
  15. Bäuerle, A., "Increased generalized anxiety, depression and distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Germany", Journal of Public Health, 42(4), pp.672~678 (2020)
  16. Bendau, A., "Longitudinal changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: the role of pre-existing anxiety, depressive, and other mental disorders", Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 79, pp.102377~ (2021)
  17. Brooks, S. K., "The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence", The Lancet, 395(10227), pp.912~920 (2020)
  18. Bueno-Notivol, J., "Prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 outbreak: A meta-analysis of community-based studies", International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 21(1), pp.100196~ (2021)
  19. Contractor, A. A., "Heterogeneity in patterns of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms: Latent profile analyses", Journal of Affective Disorder, 212, pp.17~24 (2017)
  20. Cordaro, M., "Pandemic-specific factors related to generalized anxiety disorder during the initial COVID-19 protocols in the United States", Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 42(8), pp.747~757 (2021)
  21. Cullen, W., "Mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic", QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 113(5), pp.311~312 (2020)
  22. De Zwart, O., "Perceived threat, risk perception, and efficacy beliefs related to SARS and other (emerging) infectious diseases: results of an international survey", International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16(1), pp.30~40 (2009)
  23. Diener, E., "Assessing subjective well-being: Progress and opportunities", Social Indicators Research, 31(2), pp.103~157 (1994)
  24. Ettman, C. K., "Prevalence of depression symptoms in US adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic", JAMA Network Open, 3(9), pp.e2019686~ (2020)
  25. Field, A., "Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics" (2013), SAGE Publications
  26. Galinha, I. C., "Cognitive, affective and contextual predictors of subjective well-being", International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(1), pp.34~53 (2012)
  27. Geiser, C., "Data analysis with Mplus" (2012), Guilford press
  28. Genç, E., "Optimism and dispositional hope to promote college students’ subjective well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic", Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5(2), pp.87~96 (2021)
  29. Gibson, W. A., "Three multivariate models: Factor analysis, latent structure analysis, and latent profile analysis", Psychometrika, 24(3), pp.229~252 (1959)
  30. Haddadi, P., "Resilience, vulnerability and mental health", Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, pp.639~642 (2010)
  31. Harper, C. A., "Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), pp.1875~1888 (2021)
  32. Herrman, H., "What is resilience?", The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56(5), pp.258~265 (2011)
  33. Hyun Jinhee, "COVID-19 and Risk Factors of Anxiety and Depression in South Korea", PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION, 18(9), pp.801~808 (2021), 대한신경정신의학회[DOI]
  34. Johansen, K., "Well-being measures in primary health care-The Dep-Care Project (Target 12, E60246)" (1998), World Health Organization
  35. Kan, F. P., "A systematic review of the prevalence of anxiety among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic", Journal of Affective Disorders, 293, pp.391~398 (2021)
  36. Kannan, K. S., "logistics, supply chain and financial predictive analytics", pp.67~75 (2019), Springer
  37. Keyes, C. L., "The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), pp.207~222 (2002)
  38. Keyes, C. L., "Mental illness and", or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health, 2005, pp.73(3), 539~548
  39. Keyes, C. L., "Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health", American Psychologist, 62(2), pp.95~108 (2007)
  40. Keyes, C. L., "Change in level of positive mental health as a predictor of future risk of mental illness", American Journal of Public Health, 100(12), pp.2366~2371 (2010)
  41. Khan, S., "Impact of coronavirus outbreak on psychological health", Journal of Global Health, 10(1), pp.10331~ (2020)
  42. Kim, A. W., "Evaluating the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceived risk of COVID-19 infection and childhood trauma predict adult depressive symptoms in urban South Africa", Psychological Medicine, 52(8), pp.1587~1599 (2022)
  43. Kroenke, K., "The PHQ-9: A new depression diagnostic and severity measure", Psychiatric Annals, 32(9), pp.509~515 (2002)
  44. Lo, Y., "Testing the number of components in a normal mixture", Biometrika, 88(3), pp.767~778 (2001)
  45. Lubke, G., "Performance of factor mixture models as a function of model size, covariate effects, and class-specific parameters", Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(1), pp.26~47 (2007)
  46. Luo, F., "Systematic review and meta-analysis of fear of COVID-19", Frontiers in Psychology, 12, pp.1311~ (2021)
  47. Magidson, J., "Latent class models for clustering: A comparison with K-means", Canadian Journal of Marketing Research, 20(1), pp.36~43 (2002)
  48. Mäkikangas, A., "Multilevel latent profile analysis with covariates: Identifying job characteristics profiles in hierarchical data as an example", Organizational Research Methods, 21(4), pp.931~954 (2018)
  49. McCrae, J. S., "Profile of children investigated for sexual abuse: Association with psychopathology symptoms and services", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(4), pp.468~481 (2006)
  50. McLachlan, G. J., "Finite mixture models" (2000), John Wiley & Sons
  51. Metin, A., "Subjective well-being and resilience during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey", European Journal of Health Psychology, 28(4), pp.152~160 (2021)
  52. Miller, H. A., "Psychopathology of sex offenders: A comparison of males and females using latent profile analysis", Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36(8), pp.778~792 (2009)
  53. Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, A., "Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak", Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, pp.102076~ (2020)
  54. Muthén, B. O., "Handbook of quantitative methodology for the social science", pp.345~368 (2004), Sage
  55. Nylund, K. L., "Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study", Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(4), pp.535~569 (2007)
  56. "Psychological responses, behavioral changes and public perceptions during the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China: A population based cross-sectional survey" (2020)[URL]
  57. Rosenberg M, "Depression and loneliness during COVID-19 restrictions in the United States, and their associations with frequency of social and sexual connections", Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 56, pp.1221~1232 (2021)
  58. Salari, N., "Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis", Globalization and Health, 16(1), pp.1~11 (2020)
  59. Sani, G., "Mental health during and after the COVID‐19 emergency in Italy", Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 74(6), pp.372~ (2020)
  60. Satici, S. A., "Psychological vulnerability, resilience, and subjective well-being: The mediating role of hope", Personality and Individual Differences, 102, pp.68~73 (2016)
  61. Satici, S. A., "Resilience, hope, and subjective happiness among the Turkish population: Fear of COVID-19 as a mediator", International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, pp.1~16 (2020)
  62. Schwarz, G., "Estimating the dimension of a model", The Annals of Statistics, 6(2), pp.461~464 (1978)
  63. Sclove, S. L., "Application of model-selection criteria to some problems in multivariate analysis", Psychometrika, 52(3), pp.333~343 (1987)
  64. Serafini, G., "The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population", QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 113(8), pp.531~537 (2020)
  65. Shields, M., "Symptoms of major depressive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a representative sample of the Canadian population", Health Promotion & Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada: Research, Policy & Practice, 41(11), pp.340~358 (2021)
  66. Şimşir, Z., "The relationship between fear of COVID-19 and mental health problems: A meta-analysis", Death Studies, 46(3), pp.515~523 (2022)
  67. Smith, B. W., "The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back", International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), pp.194~200 (2008)
  68. Solomou, I., "Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and compliance with precautionary measures: Age and sex matter", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(14), pp.1~19 (2020)
  69. Spitzer, R. L., "Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: The PHQ primary care study", JAMA, 282(18), pp.1737~1744 (1999)
  70. Spitzer, R. L., "A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7", Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), pp.1092~1097 (2006)
  71. Tomás, J. M., "Resilience and coping as predictors of general well-being in the elderly: A structural equation modeling approach", Aging & Mental Health, 16(3), pp.317~326 (2012)
  72. Van Bortel, T., "Psychosocial effects of an Ebola outbreak at individual, community and international levels", Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 94, pp.210~214 (2016)
  73. Vinkers, C. H., "Stress resilience during the coronavirus pandemic", European Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, pp.12~16 (2020)
  74. Winkler, P., "Increase in prevalence of current mental disorders in the context of COVID-19: Analysis of repeated nationwide cross-sectional surveys", Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 29, pp.1~8 (2020)
  75. Yalçın, İ., "Latent profile analysis of COVID-19 fear, depression, anxiety, stress, mindfulness, and resilience", Current Psychology, 41(1), pp.459~469 (2022)
  76. Yıldırım, M., "Exploring the associations between resilience, dispositional hope, preventive behaviours, subjective well- being, and psychological health among adults during early stage of COVID-19", Current Psychology, 41, pp.5712~5722 (2022)
  77. Yıldırım, M., "Positivity explains how COVID-19 perceived risk increases death distress and reduces happiness", Personality and Individual Differences, 168, pp.110347~ (2021)
  78. Zhao, X., "Attention to science", environment news positively predicts and attention to political news negatively predictsglobal warming risk perceptions and policy support, 2011, pp.61(4), 713~731

관련 논문AI추천

코로나 팬데믹 초기 한국인의 스트레스 대처 양상에 따른 잠재계층 분류와 영향요인 검증남슬기, 이동훈한국문화및사회문제심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제2022 · 제28권 제3호잠재프로파일분석(LPA)을 통한 코로나 대유행 시기 성인의 불안 및 분노 증상 유형 분석김성현, 이동훈한국문화및사회문제심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제2024 · 제30권 제3호코로나-19 관련 위험 정보 추구와 두려움, 주관적 안녕감이 우울 및 불안에 미치는 영향이종선, 임현빈, 최윤경한국건강심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 건강2022 · 제27권 제6호한국 성인의 코로나 감염에 대한 두려움과 불안의 변화양상: 잠재프로파일분석(LPA)을 중심으로김다솔, 김시형, 김예진, 이동훈한국사회및성격심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격2024 · 제38권 제4호잠재성장모형을 통한 코로나 대유행 시기 한국인의 두려움과 우울의 변화궤적 및 영향요인 분석김예진, 이덕희, 이동훈, 정다송한국상담심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료2023 · 제35권 제4호포항 지진 경험자들의 외상 후 스트레스 증상과 정신적 웰빙의 양상: 잠재프로파일 분석을 통한 예측변인과 정신건강 결과에 관한 검증이지연, 조용래한국임상심리학회 · 한국심리학회지: 임상심리 연구와 실제2023 · 제9권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (8건)