周公의 文化개혁과 政治철학

Abstract

Confucius adored The Duke of Zhou (? -1104 B.C.) because he was the only person in the period whose personality was the unique combination of high moral values and political capabilities. Confucius saw a direction and a possibility of a new cultural political culture through him. This means that after the end of the Sage King’s period the era needed practical moral politicians. Confucius has special respect and interest in The Duke of Zhou because the Zhou culture expanded on the basis of Wen and Wu kings’ conquest and territorial expansion policy and through the The Duke of Zhou’s Eastern and Cultural policy which helped the culture to a specific form. In this process The Duke of Zhou had special interest in contributing toward accommodation and reconciliation of Xia and Shang Culture to promote Zhu Culture. The Duke of Zhou after the death of King Wu did not usurp the power but coronate the Kings young nephew on the throne as King Cheng and he became a Regent to the King and served the King as a Prime Minister with full loyalty. He contributed in a big way in the maintenance of political institutions and educational system which helped in the promotion of Zhu policy and culture. During the Regency, The Duke of Zhou’s cultural reform policy and political philosophy contributed in the establishment of Confucian culture. Most of all it helped in the succession and development of clan rule system and feudalism which facilitated in the creation of a Chinese model of political institution. The Transfer of the Capital and establishment Eastern Zhu culture were accomplished by cultural reform by bringing Xia and Shang Culture together. Confucius made The Duke of Zhou’s political philosophy as his own ideal and through The Duke of Zhou's political philosophy and high moral character he visualized an ideal human personality and an ideal Nation