龜峯과 栗谷의 學問과 交遊

Abstract

In this article, I made a comparative study about the academic features of Gubong(龜峯) Song Ik-Pil(宋翼弼. 1534~1599) and Yulgok(栗谷) Lee Yi(李珥. 1536~1584), and estimated the meaning of their friendship of moral justice. First, I studied about their academic features centrally the theory of Li Qi(理氣), the theory of Taiji(太極), and the theory of Li(禮). In the theory of Li Qi, there is no great difference. But Gubong emphasized the Li’s pleiotropic, and he understood the Principle is universal, material force limits(理通氣局) as the foundation of practice benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom(仁義禮智). In the problem of the wayward human mind(人心) and the Moral mind(道心), Yulgok asserted ‘the theory of the wayward human mind and the Moral mind is the beginning and the end’(人心道心終始說), but Gubong considered the wayward human mind is not the the Devil, he regarded the wayward human mind changed as the conditions of low desire. In the the theory of Li(禮), Gubong explained the incorruptible(直) as RightMind(正心), insisted the principle of Li(禮). In future, In Confucianism of Giho School, they say the theory of Li Qi(理氣) and the mind and human nature originate from Yulgok, the theory of Li(禮) originate from Gubong. Gugong and Yulgok, their friendship of moral justice jumped over the Wall of rank, extended in the affairs of state, respected each other. From the friendship of moral justice between the Gubong and Yulgok, We can find the development of the Chosun Dynasty’s Neo-Confucianism and the hope of recovering reliability.