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동남아 이슬람과 글로벌 이슬람 네트워크

Southeast Asian Islam and Global Islamic Network

오명석
한국동남아학회|2015.05|동남아시아연구 (The Southeast Asian Review)|제25권 제2호|pp. 63-125|DOI 10.21652/kaseas.25.2.201505.63

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키워드

이슬람 근대주의Islamic Modernism인도양 교역로전통 이슬람교역-선교의 네트워크순례-선교의 네트워크하드라미 디아스포라울라마 네트워크메카 정통성카이로 모더니즘Indian Ocean Trade RouteTraditional IslamTrade-Missionary NetworkPilgrim- Missionary NetworkHadrami DiasporaUlama- NetworkMeccan OrthodoxyCairen Modernism
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초록

이 글은 동남아 이슬람의 성격과 역동성을 ‘글로벌 이슬람 네트워크’란 관점에서 포착하고자 한다. 동남아 이슬람의 성격을 규정하는전통적인 관점이 제설혼합적 이슬람 또는 힌두화된 이슬람이란 점에서 그 독특성을 찾아온 것에 반해, 이 글에서는 아랍과 동남아간의직접적인 연계를 강조함으로써 이를 통해 동남아 이슬람의 역동성을 설명하고자 하는 시도이다. 이 글은 제2차세계대전 이전까지의동남아 이슬람의 역사를 전통 이슬람이 정착하는 13-19세기와 이슬람 근대주의가 유입되었던 20세기 전반의 두 시기로 구분하고, 각각의 시기에 동남아가 글로벌 이슬람 네트워크에 참여하는 방식과 그네트워크가 작동하는 메카니즘에 있어서 어떤 특징과 변화가 있었는가를 살펴본다.

Abstract

This paper explains the characteristics and dynamics of Southeast Asian Islam from the perspective of ‘global Islamic network.’ Global Islamic network shows an alternative process of globalization which has been neglected in the academic literatures of global network. The relation between Southeast Asian Islam and global Islamic network has long been maintained from the 13th century when Islam was first introduced into Southeast Asia. This paper focus on the fact that geographical grids of the network, agents and medium moving across the network, Islamic knowledge circulating through the network have continuously changed. It also argues that Southeast Asia has not been a passive agent in the global Islamic network, and there has been bi-directional movement of men and knowledge in the Islamic network which has connected Southeast Asia, India and Arab. This paper deals with the history of Southeast Asian Islam before the Second World War. It divides the history into two periods: 1) from the 13th century until the 19th century when the ‘traditional Islam’ was established; 2) the first half of the 20th century when the ‘Islamic modernism’ was introduced into Southeast Asia. It analyzes the characteristics and transformation of the mechanisms in which the global Islamic network had worked in link with Southeast Asia in each period.

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