산업유산이 재현하는 ‘사회주의’ 국가의 산업과 지역성:하이퐁 베트남시멘트박물관 전시 분석

Abstract

This study analyzes how the Vietnamese Party-State reconstructs the locality of Hai Phong, a northeastern port city, and its cement industry through the exhibitions of the Vietnam Cement Museum, located in Hai Phong. The Cement Museum, an industrial heritage site, preserves the historical location of the first cement factory in Indochina, established in 1899. However, the meaning of "first" is reinterpreted through the museum’s exhibitions, framing the locality as the birthplace of the Party and the working class while positioning the cement industry as the foundation of the socialist state. The museum represents Hai Phong as both a gateway for foreign aggression and the frontline of socialist state-building, defining its locality as the origin of Party movements. The narrative of the cement industry highlights its socialist character by emphasizing labor management, production volume, and the use value of the product. The exhibitions at the Cement Museum reframe the locality of Hai Phong, depicting it not just as a gateway for external forces but also as a critical site for revolutionary struggle. At the same time, the museum redefines the cement industry, which plays a fundamental role in infrastructure development, as the foundation of socialist state-building. This aligns with the national directive of "socialist-oriented," continuously reinforcing the Party-State’s governmentality and social management under the enduring banner of socialism.