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컴플렉시티(Complexity) 개념에 대한 고찰 - 생태학 분야 문헌검토를 바탕으로 -

A study on the Concept of Complexity - Based on a Review of the Ecology Science Literature -

남보은|전영준|김고운
한국환경철학회 (The Korean Society For The Study Of Environmental Philosophy)|2016.06|환경철학 (Environmental Philosophy)|제21호|pp. 5-32|DOI 10.35146/jecoph.2016..21.001

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참고문헌

키워드

생태학ecologycomplexitysystems theory체계 이론complex systems컴플렉시티컴플렉스 시스템

초록

이 논문은 국내에서 ‘복잡성’과 ‘복잡계’로 통용되고 있는 컴플렉시티(complexity)와 컴플렉스 시스템(complex systems) 관련 연구에 대한 생태학 분야 문헌검토를 바탕으로 첫째, 컴플렉시티 개념이 시대별로 어떠한 흐름을 통해 발전되어 왔는지 살펴본다. 둘째, 문헌검토 결과를 통해 컴플렉시티 개념의 철학적 함의를 제시하고, 마지막으로 번역용어 ‘복잡성’이 내포하고 있는 의미가 그러한 철학적 함의와 일치하는지 논의한다. 문헌검토 결과, 생태학 분야의 컴플렉시티 혹은 컴플렉스 시스템 연구는 1960년대 이후 점차 많은 연구가 진행되면서 이론적으로 진화하고 있으며, 시대별 주요 논문 연구의 흐름을 살펴보면 컴플렉시티와 컴플렉스 시스템 개념의 활용에 있어 (1) 시스템적 사고, (2) 상호작용과 시·공간규모, (3) 인간 사회를 포함하는 시스템의 필요성과 중요성이 강조되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 컴플렉시티 개념의 진화는 기존의 실험실 과학에 의존하는 환원적이고 인간 중심적인 문제 해결주의 과학에서 벗어나, 자연의 내재적이고 본질적인 가치를 인정하고 생명·생태 체계의 상관성에 초점을 두고 있다는 점을 시사한다. 이 연구는 끊임없이 발전되고 적용되고 있는 컴플렉시티 개념의 철학적 함의를 반영함에 있어 연구자들의 용어 사용에 대한 비판적 자세가 요구되는 바, 국내에서 컴플렉시티의 번역용어를 선택하는데 있어서도 다양한 논의가 필요함을 시사한다.

Abstract

The concepts of complexity and complex systems have been studied in various academic fields since their initial appearance in the field of ecology in the 1960s. The purpose of this paper is: (1) To conduct a literature review to examine how the concepts have been developed in the field of ecology; (2) to discuss the philosophical implications of the relevant theory development; and (3) to raise the question of appropriateness of the Korean terms to refer to the concept. Through the literature review, we conclude that common conceptual shifts found are (1) a systems thinking approach, (2) the interactions of objects and/or their cross-scale dynamics in time and space, and (3) the inclusion of human society in an ecosystem perspective. These results imply that some scientists, at least in the field of ecology, have shifted their approach from a reductionist, laboratory-based, and human-centered one to a holistic, ontological, and systems approach. Additionally, we suggest that, in order to signify such a change in world view, further discussion on translation terms by Korean researchers is necessary.

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