18세기말 順菴 安鼎福家의 喪葬禮와 居喪生活

Abstract

This essay studies the characteristic of scholar official family’s funeral ritual and three-year-mouring practice in late Joseon, with the almanac diary of Sunam Ahn jeong-bok family. Ahn jeongbok passed down the principle of funeral ritual by writing Songjongrok(送終錄) and Churok(追錄). Inheriting the principle, his grandsons, Ahn cheoljung and Ahn piljung conducted the ceremony when Ahn jeong-bok departed his life. Specific procedural characteristic is as follows. First, the funeral process excludes Yeomyo Sari(廬墓살이), or Living in the Thatched Bungalow near the Grave, which fully practices confusion ritualism based on Zhuzi jiali. Instead, chief mourners lived in the house with mortuary. This assumes the form of Kanae Yeoso(家內廬所) literally meaning Thatched Place in House in English. Second, the process excludes Joseokjeon(朝夕奠), the pre-funeral memorial ceremony at morning and evening, and includes Sakmangjeon(朔望奠), the monthly ceremony during the period of mourning. Those two ceremonies had been handed down for centuries despite the criticism of its complexity. As for this issue, Ahn jeongbok simplified the funeral process by abolishing Joseokjeon, and after his death, his grandsons practiced this form of process, inheriting Ahn jeongbok’s will. Those characteristic indicates that Ahn jeongbok family in the Late-18th-Century faithfully followed confucian ritualism, and, at the same time, applied the principle of shortening ritual with criteria of economizing in detailed part. After the confucian ritual settled, procedure complexity and disagreement with reality appeared during formalization. In this context, Ahn jeongbok simplified and adjusted the funeral ritual, pursuing the restoration of original confucian ceremony’s meaning. Meanwhile, what is noticeable is that Ahn piljung took over the almanac diary from the deceased, and continued writing until the year ended. It was concentrated on holding the funeral ritual and greeting mourners at mortuary as the chief mourner. However, because funeral period wasn’t brief, entire discontinuance of family business or basic daily incident was practically impossible. The figure of ordinary everyday life returned gradually after Jolgok(卒哭).