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Current status and future of gene engineering in livestock

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The application of gene engineering in livestock is necessaryfor various reasons, such as increasing productivity and producingdisease resistance and biomedicine models. Overall,gene engineering provides benefits to the agricultural and researchaspects, and humans. In particular, productivity can beincreased by producing livestock with enhanced growth andimproved feed conversion efficiency. In addition, the applicationof the disease resistance models prevents the spread ofinfectious diseases, which reduces the need for treatment, suchas the use of antibiotics; consequently, it promotes the overallhealth of the herd and reduces unexpected economic losses. The application of biomedicine could be a valuable tool forunderstanding specific livestock diseases and improving humanwelfare through the development and testing of new vaccines,research on human physiology, such as human metabolism orimmune response, and research and development of xenotransplantationmodels. Gene engineering technology has beenevolving, from random, time-consuming, and laborious methodsto specific, time-saving, convenient, and stable methods. Thispaper reviews the overall trend of genetic engineering technologiesdevelopment and their application for efficient productionof genetically engineered livestock, and provides examples oftechnologies approved by the United States (US) Food and DrugAdministration (FDA) for application in humans.

Abstract

The application of gene engineering in livestock is necessaryfor various reasons, such as increasing productivity and producingdisease resistance and biomedicine models. Overall,gene engineering provides benefits to the agricultural and researchaspects, and humans. In particular, productivity can beincreased by producing livestock with enhanced growth andimproved feed conversion efficiency. In addition, the applicationof the disease resistance models prevents the spread ofinfectious diseases, which reduces the need for treatment, suchas the use of antibiotics; consequently, it promotes the overallhealth of the herd and reduces unexpected economic losses. The application of biomedicine could be a valuable tool forunderstanding specific livestock diseases and improving humanwelfare through the development and testing of new vaccines,research on human physiology, such as human metabolism orimmune response, and research and development of xenotransplantationmodels. Gene engineering technology has beenevolving, from random, time-consuming, and laborious methodsto specific, time-saving, convenient, and stable methods. Thispaper reviews the overall trend of genetic engineering technologiesdevelopment and their application for efficient productionof genetically engineered livestock, and provides examples oftechnologies approved by the United States (US) Food and DrugAdministration (FDA) for application in humans.

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