Current status of genome editing technologies: special issue of BMB Reports in 2024
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Since the identification of DNA as a genetic material, manipulatingDNA in various organisms has been a long standingdream of humanity. In pursuit of this objective, technologies toedit genome have been extensively developed over the recentdecades. The emergence of zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcriptionactivator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), and clusteredregularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) andCRISPR-associated (Cas) systems enabled site-specific DNAcleavage in a programmable manner. Furthermore, the adventof base editors (BEs) and prime editors (PEs) has enabled baseconversion and insertion/deletion with a high accuracy. In additionto the editing of genomic DNA in the nucleus, attemptsto manipulate circular DNAs in organelle are currently ongoing. These technologies are bringing major progress in diverse fieldsincluding the engineering of cells, livestock, and plants as wellas therapeutic gene correction in humans. In this special issue,we aim to cover the recent advances in genome editing technologyand its applications in therapeutics, breed improvementin plants and livestock, RNA recording, and protein evolution.
Abstract
Since the identification of DNA as a genetic material, manipulatingDNA in various organisms has been a long standingdream of humanity. In pursuit of this objective, technologies toedit genome have been extensively developed over the recentdecades. The emergence of zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcriptionactivator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), and clusteredregularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) andCRISPR-associated (Cas) systems enabled site-specific DNAcleavage in a programmable manner. Furthermore, the adventof base editors (BEs) and prime editors (PEs) has enabled baseconversion and insertion/deletion with a high accuracy. In additionto the editing of genomic DNA in the nucleus, attemptsto manipulate circular DNAs in organelle are currently ongoing. These technologies are bringing major progress in diverse fieldsincluding the engineering of cells, livestock, and plants as wellas therapeutic gene correction in humans. In this special issue,we aim to cover the recent advances in genome editing technologyand its applications in therapeutics, breed improvementin plants and livestock, RNA recording, and protein evolution.