The Metabolic Interaction Between Exercise and Cancer: Focus on the mTOR Pathway
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The study aims to clarify how exercise interventions affect tumor growth through mTOR pathway modulation. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies published between 1990-2025 focusing on mTOR signaling, exercise types, and cancer responses. The excitation of mTOR by exercise is selective for skeletal muscle so that strength exercise results in the stimulation of mTORC1, while aerobic exercise stimulates mTORC1 through AMPK. Although there are theoretical objections to exercise interventions, exercise has been demonstrated to have a tumor-suppressive effect. Patterns of mTORC1 pathway dependence that are tumor-specific suggest that exercise therapy must be tailored toward tumor type and treatment modality. In cancer therapy, individualized exercise therapy (intensity, type and time) of improved cancer metabolic systems of metabolites is possible without increasing tumor growth as a consequence of improved metabolism.
Abstract
The study aims to clarify how exercise interventions affect tumor growth through mTOR pathway modulation. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of studies published between 1990-2025 focusing on mTOR signaling, exercise types, and cancer responses. The excitation of mTOR by exercise is selective for skeletal muscle so that strength exercise results in the stimulation of mTORC1, while aerobic exercise stimulates mTORC1 through AMPK. Although there are theoretical objections to exercise interventions, exercise has been demonstrated to have a tumor-suppressive effect. Patterns of mTORC1 pathway dependence that are tumor-specific suggest that exercise therapy must be tailored toward tumor type and treatment modality. In cancer therapy, individualized exercise therapy (intensity, type and time) of improved cancer metabolic systems of metabolites is possible without increasing tumor growth as a consequence of improved metabolism.